{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108466322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043290","title":"Accurate micropower class AB CMOS voltage-to-current converter","display_name":"Accurate micropower class AB CMOS voltage-to-current converter","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108466322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043290","mag":"2108466322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084248588","display_name":"Antonio J. L\u00f3pez\u2010Mart\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7629-0305"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra (UPNA)","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88155538","display_name":"Universidad de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02rxc7m23","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio J. Lopez-Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng., Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016","https://openalex.org/I88155538"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng., Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016","https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042220230","display_name":"Fermin Esparza-Alfaro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra (UPNA)","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88155538","display_name":"Universidad de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02rxc7m23","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fermin Esparza-Alfaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng., Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016","https://openalex.org/I88155538"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng., Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016","https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045738320","display_name":"J. Ram\u0131\u0301rez-Angulo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5977-616X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Ramirez-Angulo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA","Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089442866","display_name":"R.G. Carvajal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3891-8987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramon G. Carvajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain","Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, University of Seville Sevilla, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Escuela Superior de Ingenieros, University of Seville Sevilla, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6471,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68979164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"114","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1502","display_name":"Bioengineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micropower","display_name":"Micropower","score":0.8318020105361938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.8051019310951233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6830403208732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.6510931849479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-harmonic-distortion","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","score":0.5791691541671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5733121633529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.49384909868240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biasing","display_name":"Biasing","score":0.491271436214447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-mirror","display_name":"Current mirror","score":0.4741857945919037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4335746169090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-electronics","display_name":"Low-power electronics","score":0.42751461267471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4140813946723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4126829504966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.40471720695495605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3902686536312103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3319104015827179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.30220624804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.21179738640785217}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2851963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839950","display_name":"Micropower","level":3,"score":0.8318020105361938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.8051019310951233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6830403208732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.6510931849479675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42156128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162641","display_name":"Total harmonic distortion","level":3,"score":0.5791691541671753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5733121633529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.49384909868240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.491271436214447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173966970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786012","display_name":"Current mirror","level":4,"score":0.4741857945919037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4335746169090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117551214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6692774","display_name":"Low-power electronics","level":4,"score":0.42751461267471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4140813946723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4126829504966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.40471720695495605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3902686536312103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3319104015827179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30220624804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.21179738640785217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ecctd.2011.6043290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083349513","https://openalex.org/W2101809138","https://openalex.org/W2131563672","https://openalex.org/W2145135294","https://openalex.org/W2146090666","https://openalex.org/W2153342210","https://openalex.org/W3176344591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2536800026","https://openalex.org/W2160122484","https://openalex.org/W2184860653","https://openalex.org/W1992627288","https://openalex.org/W2167134364","https://openalex.org/W2033653426","https://openalex.org/W2217307244","https://openalex.org/W2066349538","https://openalex.org/W2124484215","https://openalex.org/W3090146172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,64],"CMOS":[1,58],"voltage-to-current":[2,29],"converter":[3],"is":[4,7,34,72],"presented.":[5,63],"It":[6],"based":[8],"on":[9],"a":[10,21,52,56,89,96],"class":[11],"AB":[12,32],"current":[13,75],"mirror":[14],"with":[15],"very":[16],"low":[17],"input":[18,27],"resistance":[19],"and":[20,94],"passive":[22],"resistor":[23],"connected":[24],"to":[25],"the":[26,81],"for":[28,55,74],"conversion.":[30],"Class":[31],"operation":[33],"achieved":[35,73],"without":[36],"extra":[37],"supply":[38,90],"voltage":[39,91],"requirements":[40],"or":[41],"static":[42],"power":[43],"consumption,":[44],"using":[45,88],"Quasi-Floating":[46],"Gate":[47],"techniques.":[48],"Measurement":[49],"results":[50],"of":[51,70,92,99],"differential":[53],"configuration":[54],"0.5\u03bcm":[57],"test":[59],"chip":[60],"prototype":[61],"are":[62],"measured":[65],"harmonic":[66],"distortion":[67],"at":[68],"1MHz":[69],"-59dB":[71],"signals":[76],"20":[77],"times":[78],"larger":[79],"than":[80],"bias":[82],"currents.":[83],"The":[84],"circuit":[85],"consumes":[86],"265\u03bcW":[87],"\u00b11.65V":[93],"requires":[95],"silicon":[97],"area":[98],"0.04mm2.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}