{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201924271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","title":"XPROAX-Local explanations for text classification with progressive neighborhood approximation","display_name":"XPROAX-Local explanations for text classification with progressive neighborhood approximation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201924271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","mag":"3201924271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15004.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102008981","display_name":"Yi Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6197-1052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136150","display_name":"L3S Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/039t4wk02","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103","https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I94509681"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114112103","display_name":"Leibniz University Hannover","ror":"https://ror.org/0304hq317","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["L3S Research Center, Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover, Hannover, Germany","L3S Research Center; Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover; Hannover Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L3S Research Center, Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover, Hannover, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L3S Research Center; Leibniz Universit\u00e4t Hannover; Hannover Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136150","https://openalex.org/I114112103"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047196019","display_name":"Arthur Zimek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-4208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/03yrrjy16","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Zimek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Math. and Comp. Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark","University of Southern Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Math. and Comp. Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089247128","display_name":"Eirini Ntoutsi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-1003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eirini Ntoutsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Math. and Comp. Science, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany",", Free University of Berlin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Math. and Comp. Science, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Free University of Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102008981"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114112103","https://openalex.org/I4210136150"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13593971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12535","display_name":"Machine Learning and Data Classification","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","score":0.6811334490776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6234492063522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6205239295959473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5843183994293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.56270432472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-boundary","display_name":"Decision boundary","score":0.5438426733016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5172756314277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5028435587882996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.49251899123191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.48167264461517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21121495962142944}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.6811334490776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6234492063522339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6205239295959473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5843183994293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.56270432472229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42023084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249231","display_name":"Decision boundary","level":3,"score":0.5438426733016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5172756314277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5028435587882996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.49251899123191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.48167264461517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21121495962142944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sdu.dk:openaire_cris_publications/bcd9a531-28a5-4c35-88a1-598a5a12ac03","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://portal.findresearcher.sdu.dk/da/publications/bcd9a531-28a5-4c35-88a1-598a5a12ac03","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400423","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","host_organization_name":"University of Southern Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cai, Y, Zimek, A & Ntoutsi, E 2021, XPROAX-Local explanations for text classification with progressive neighborhood approximation. in 2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA). IEEE, pp. 1-10, 8th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics, Porto, Portugal, 06/10/2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/dsaa53316.2021.9564153","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"mag:3201924271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15004.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2109.15004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2109.15004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:3201924271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.15004.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031876960","https://openalex.org/W2048231652","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2113211233","https://openalex.org/W2150480892","https://openalex.org/W2171563058","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2493343568","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2737930145","https://openalex.org/W2765793020","https://openalex.org/W2788403449","https://openalex.org/W2803532212","https://openalex.org/W2809182405","https://openalex.org/W2809283485","https://openalex.org/W2811120218","https://openalex.org/W2898027682","https://openalex.org/W2898138693","https://openalex.org/W2933374552","https://openalex.org/W2950772592","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2963012544","https://openalex.org/W2963223306","https://openalex.org/W2963366196","https://openalex.org/W2964178496","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2968231335","https://openalex.org/W2970014349","https://openalex.org/W2977881783","https://openalex.org/W2984635074","https://openalex.org/W3029534136","https://openalex.org/W3034782902","https://openalex.org/W3035492409","https://openalex.org/W3035600889","https://openalex.org/W3094827303","https://openalex.org/W3117696238","https://openalex.org/W3130450512","https://openalex.org/W6682385587","https://openalex.org/W6685053522","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6738394178","https://openalex.org/W6747262243","https://openalex.org/W6748426178","https://openalex.org/W6751959524","https://openalex.org/W6752170072","https://openalex.org/W6752840358","https://openalex.org/W6755291294","https://openalex.org/W6771719626","https://openalex.org/W6773036119","https://openalex.org/W6773736450","https://openalex.org/W6779126827","https://openalex.org/W6780248173","https://openalex.org/W6783672905","https://openalex.org/W6790952067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2952208655","https://openalex.org/W3197921943","https://openalex.org/W3206163599","https://openalex.org/W3007063092","https://openalex.org/W3177442486","https://openalex.org/W3098831516","https://openalex.org/W3206825982","https://openalex.org/W3035492409","https://openalex.org/W3101019773","https://openalex.org/W2556172574","https://openalex.org/W3138368278","https://openalex.org/W2948433653","https://openalex.org/W3169203618","https://openalex.org/W3137303426","https://openalex.org/W2766283167","https://openalex.org/W3138379225","https://openalex.org/W3104591237","https://openalex.org/W3206857917","https://openalex.org/W2911359967","https://openalex.org/W1573787331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"importance":[1],"of":[2,17,69,87,111,128,156,178],"the":[3,13,27,61,67,88,109,112,133,138,147,154,161,174,183,192],"neighborhood":[4,38,89,110,139,148],"for":[5,39],"training":[6],"a":[7,18,36,73,84,97],"local":[8,14,75],"surrogate":[9],"model":[10],"to":[11,34,71,102,115],"approximate":[12],"decision":[15,76],"boundary":[16],"black":[19],"box":[20],"classifier":[21],"has":[22],"been":[23,32],"already":[24],"highlighted":[25],"in":[26,108,160,176],"literature.":[28],"Several":[29],"attempts":[30],"have":[31],"made":[33],"construct":[35],"better":[37],"high":[40],"dimensional":[41],"data,":[42],"like":[43],"texts,":[44],"by":[45,55],"using":[46,90],"generative":[47],"autoencoders.":[48],"However,":[49],"existing":[50],"approaches":[51],"mainly":[52],"generate":[53,106],"neighbors":[54],"selecting":[56],"purely":[57],"at":[58],"random":[59],"from":[60,132],"latent":[62],"space":[63],"and":[64,96,105,124,137,141,143,180,186,189],"struggle":[65],"under":[66],"curse":[68],"dimensionality":[70],"learn":[72],"good":[74],"boundary.":[77],"To":[78],"overcome":[79],"this":[80],"problem,":[81],"we":[82],"propose":[83],"progressive":[85],"approximation":[86],"counterfactual":[91],"instances":[92],"as":[93],"initial":[94],"landmarks":[95],"careful":[98],"2-stage":[99],"sampling":[100],"approach":[101],"refine":[103],"counterfactuals":[104],"factuals":[107],"input":[113,162],"instance":[114,135],"be":[116],"explained.":[117],"Our":[118,164],"work":[119],"focuses":[120],"on":[121,166],"textual":[122],"data":[123],"our":[125,171],"explanations":[126,131],"consist":[127],"both":[129],"word-level":[130],"original":[134],"(intrinsic)":[136],"(extrinsic)":[140],"factual-":[142],"counterfactual-instances":[144],"discovered":[145],"during":[146],"generation":[149],"process":[150],"that":[151,170],"further":[152],"reveal":[153],"effect":[155],"altering":[157],"certain":[158],"parts":[159],"text.":[163],"experiments":[165],"real-world":[167],"datasets":[168],"demonstrate":[169],"method":[172],"outperforms":[173],"competitors":[175],"terms":[177],"usefulness":[179],"stability":[181],"(for":[182,191],"qualitative":[184],"part)":[185],"completeness,":[187],"compactness":[188],"correctness":[190],"quantitative":[193],"part).":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}