{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888777304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442225","title":"Large Room Temperature Charge-to-Spin Conversion Efficiency in Topological Insulator/CoFeB bilayers","display_name":"Large Room Temperature Charge-to-Spin Conversion Efficiency in Topological Insulator/CoFeB bilayers","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888777304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442225","mag":"2888777304"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc.2018.8442225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442225","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027396836","display_name":"Qiming Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-3031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiming Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084469877","display_name":"Guoqiang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-6920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqiang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101456919","display_name":"Lei Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3223-5034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091001877","display_name":"Xiaoyu Che","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-040X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Che","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023398944","display_name":"Yabin Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-0336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yabin Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005838705","display_name":"Koichi Murata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1990-2621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koichi Murata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101817559","display_name":"Qinglin He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6524-1831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing-Lin He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066730165","display_name":"Tianxiao Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-9931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianxiao Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009159975","display_name":"Xufeng Kou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8860-5105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xufeng Kou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111559743","display_name":"Kang L. Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang L. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027396836"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4798,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66135123,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10049","display_name":"Magnetic properties of thin films","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10657","display_name":"Topological Materials and Phenomena","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11682","display_name":"Advanced Condensed Matter Physics","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6285904049873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topological-insulator","display_name":"Topological insulator","score":0.6175306439399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condensed-matter-physics","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","score":0.5730704665184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.47615715861320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fermi-level","display_name":"Fermi level","score":0.47107282280921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin","display_name":"Spin (aerodynamics)","score":0.46542495489120483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetization","display_name":"Magnetization","score":0.4613293707370758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferromagnetism","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","score":0.4593866169452667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetoresistive-random-access-memory","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","score":0.4492085874080658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ferromagnetic-resonance","display_name":"Ferromagnetic resonance","score":0.43742096424102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4030598998069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron","display_name":"Electron","score":0.24156224727630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19278410077095032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15419021248817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.13532066345214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access-memory","display_name":"Random access memory","score":0.10398384928703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09184470772743225}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6285904049873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128911142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1488689","display_name":"Topological insulator","level":2,"score":0.6175306439399719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.5730704665184021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.47615715861320496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13633683","display_name":"Fermi level","level":3,"score":0.47107282280921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42704618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910917","display_name":"Spin (aerodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.46542495489120483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32546565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856711","display_name":"Magnetization","level":3,"score":0.4613293707370758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82217956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184207","display_name":"Ferromagnetism","level":2,"score":0.4593866169452667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46891859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061546","display_name":"Magnetoresistive random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.4492085874080658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43922652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909519","display_name":"Ferromagnetic resonance","level":4,"score":0.43742096424102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4030598998069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.24156224727630615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19278410077095032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15419021248817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.13532066345214844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994168587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5295","display_name":"Random access memory","level":2,"score":0.10398384928703308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09184470772743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc.2018.8442225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442225","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-98328","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-98328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-98328","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-98328","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995123938","https://openalex.org/W2011622757","https://openalex.org/W2014744284","https://openalex.org/W2113809410","https://openalex.org/W2162612236","https://openalex.org/W2250127224","https://openalex.org/W2553782091","https://openalex.org/W2608419763","https://openalex.org/W2962945834","https://openalex.org/W3105284836"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790139797","https://openalex.org/W3146164987","https://openalex.org/W2086829516","https://openalex.org/W2141626281","https://openalex.org/W2472395098","https://openalex.org/W2128922810","https://openalex.org/W1641143370","https://openalex.org/W1908441109","https://openalex.org/W1579280934","https://openalex.org/W2047360450"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Heavy":[0],"metals":[1],"and":[2,84,111,128],"topological":[3,77],"insulators":[4,78],"are":[5],"promising":[6],"materials":[7],"for":[8,15,42,90],"converting":[9],"charge":[10],"current":[11,14,45],"into":[12,143],"spin":[13],"efficient":[16],"manipulation":[17],"of":[18,26,46,102,124,140,158],"magnetization":[19],"states":[20],"in":[21,75,120],"magnetic":[22],"devices":[23],"[1]\u2013[5].":[24],"One":[25],"the":[27,32,47,100,117,137,152],"most":[28],"important":[29],"parameters":[30],"is":[31,40],"charge-to-spin":[33],"conversion":[34],"(CS)":[35],"efficiency.":[36],"Improving":[37],"CS":[38,73,103,118,153],"efficiency":[39,74,104,119,154],"critical":[41],"reducing":[43],"write":[44],"emerging":[48],"nonvolatile":[49],"memory":[50,68],"technology,":[51],"spin-orbit":[52],"torque":[53],"MRAM":[54],"(SOT-MRAM)":[55],"[2],":[56],"which":[57],"provides":[58],"comparable":[59],"speed":[60],"with":[61,64],"SRAM":[62],"but":[63],"a":[65,86,121,125,129],"much":[66],"higher":[67],"capacity.":[69],"Here,":[70],"we":[71,114,150],"measure":[72],"various":[76],"(TIs)":[79],"using":[80,133,147],"second-harmonic":[81],"method":[82],"(2eo-method)":[83],"obtain":[85],"record-high":[87],"value":[88],"8.33\u00b10.65":[89],"insulating":[91],"(BiSb)2":[92,148],"Te3":[93],"at":[94],"room":[95],"temperature.":[96],"We":[97],"first":[98],"establish":[99],"consistency":[101],"obtained":[105],"between":[106],"spin-torque":[107],"ferromagnetic":[108],"resonance":[109],"(ST-FMR)":[110],"2eo-method.":[112,134],"Then,":[113],"systematically":[115],"investigate":[116],"bilayer":[122],"consisting":[123],"metallic":[126],"Bi2Se3":[127],"CoFeB":[130],"thin":[131],"film":[132],"By":[135],"tuning":[136],"Fermi":[138],"level":[139],"TI":[141],"layer":[142],"bulk":[144],"band":[145],"gap":[146],"Te3,":[149],"improve":[151],"by":[155],"an":[156],"order":[157],"magnitude.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
