{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888841171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442174","title":"Optical Gain and Loss Measurements of Semipolar III-nitride Laser Diodes with ITO/thin-p-GaN Cladding Layers","display_name":"Optical Gain and Loss Measurements of Semipolar III-nitride Laser Diodes with ITO/thin-p-GaN Cladding Layers","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888841171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442174","mag":"2888841171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc.2018.8442174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105034054","display_name":"Shlomo Mehari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0257-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shlomo Mehari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108072764","display_name":"Daniel A. Cohen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel A. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089033530","display_name":"Daniel L. Becerrea","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel L. Becerrea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Claude Weisbuch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140797","display_name":"Laboratoire de Physique Th\u00e9orique de la Mati\u00e8re Condens\u00e9e","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaaa143","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210098836","https://openalex.org/I4210140797"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401200345","display_name":"Laboratoire de physique de la mati\u00e8re condens\u00e9e","ror":"https://ror.org/05brss208","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4401200345","https://openalex.org/I4647051"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claude Weisbuch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique de la Mati\u00e8re Condens\u00e8e, Palaiseau, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique de la Mati\u00e8re Condens\u00e8e, Palaiseau, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140797","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4401200345"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030709847","display_name":"Shuji Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6334-2428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuji Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041042871","display_name":"Steven P. DenBaars","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-5258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven P. DenBaars","raw_affiliation_strings":["Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105034054"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1861,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56200057,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10099","display_name":"GaN-based semiconductor devices and materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10022","display_name":"Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13418","display_name":"Photocathodes and Microchannel Plates","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8511039018630981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.8245031833648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.6526198983192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diode","display_name":"Diode","score":0.5960152745246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cladding","display_name":"Cladding (metalworking)","score":0.5593271851539612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitride","display_name":"Nitride","score":0.5100587010383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indium-gallium-nitride","display_name":"Indium gallium nitride","score":0.4789310395717621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.42882755398750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gallium-nitride","display_name":"Gallium nitride","score":0.4277498722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indium-tin-oxide","display_name":"Indium tin oxide","score":0.41993483901023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.3602553606033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2957993745803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.07767593860626221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8511039018630981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.8245031833648682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.6526198983192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78434282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11656","display_name":"Diode","level":2,"score":0.5960152745246887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36456112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288064","display_name":"Cladding (metalworking)","level":2,"score":0.5593271851539612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194760766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410851","display_name":"Nitride","level":3,"score":0.5100587010383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778245067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425734","display_name":"Indium gallium nitride","level":4,"score":0.4789310395717621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.42882755398750305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778871202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411713","display_name":"Gallium nitride","level":3,"score":0.4277498722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32737372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417718","display_name":"Indium tin oxide","level":3,"score":0.41993483901023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.3602553606033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2957993745803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.07767593860626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/drc.2018.8442174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/drc.2018.8442174","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133160442","https://openalex.org/W2774548011","https://openalex.org/W2782709710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972712827","https://openalex.org/W4246057914","https://openalex.org/W2980995098","https://openalex.org/W3035761864","https://openalex.org/W2014838647","https://openalex.org/W3135630098","https://openalex.org/W1963577597","https://openalex.org/W3021445571","https://openalex.org/W2147294640","https://openalex.org/W1790618316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Laser":[0],"diodes":[1,49],"(LDs)":[2],"based":[3],"on":[4,113],"the":[5,14,123,185,191],"group":[6],"III-nitride":[7],"material":[8],"system":[9],"are":[10],"forecasted":[11],"to":[12,46,67],"be":[13],"key":[15],"components":[16],"of":[17,61,109,122,173],"next":[18],"generation":[19],"high-intensity":[20],"white":[21],"lighting":[22],"systems":[23],"[1].":[24],"For":[25],"such":[26],"systems,":[27],"LDs":[28,70,98,111],"offer":[29],"more":[30],"power":[31],"per":[32],"chip":[33],"area,":[34],"much":[35],"higher":[36],"spatial":[37],"brightness,":[38],"and":[39,56,80,154,170,190],"no":[40],"efficiency":[41],"droop":[42],"above":[43],"threshold":[44],"compared":[45],"light":[47],"emitting":[48],"(LEDs).":[50],"To":[51],"meet":[52],"these":[53,174],"expectations,":[54],"high-power":[55],"high-efficiency":[57],"continuous-wave":[58],"(CW)":[59],"operation":[60],"a":[62,76,81,114,129,145,158,178],"LD":[63],"is":[64,72],"essential.":[65],"However,":[66],"date,":[68],"InGaN":[69,93],"performance":[71,108],"still":[73],"hampered":[74],"by":[75,119,183],"high":[77],"operating":[78,161],"voltage":[79,162],"poor":[82],"differential":[83],"efficiency,":[84],"which":[85,143],"result":[86],"in":[87],"lower":[88,146],"wall-plug":[89],"efficiencies":[90],"(WPE)":[91],"than":[92,150],"LEDs":[94],"or":[95],"other":[96],"III-V":[97],"[2],":[99],"[3].":[100],"We":[101,176],"have":[102],"recently":[103],"demonstrated":[104],"an":[105],"enhanced":[106],"CW":[107],"blue":[110],"grown":[112],"semipolar":[115],"(202\u03051\u0305)":[116],"n-GaN":[117],"substrate":[118],"replacing":[120],"part":[121],"resistive":[124],"p-GaN":[125,156],"cladding":[126],"layer":[127,134,157,189],"with":[128],"tin-doped":[130],"indium":[131],"oxide":[132,140],"(ITO)":[133],"[4].":[135],"With":[136],"this":[137],"transparent":[138],"conductive":[139],"(TCO)":[141],"layer,":[142],"has":[144],"modal":[147],"optical":[148,181],"loss":[149,182],"standard":[151],"metallic":[152],"p-contacts,":[153],"thinned":[155],"very":[159,179],"low":[160,180],"was":[163],"obtained.":[164],"Here,":[165],"we":[166],"present":[167],"detailed":[168],"gain":[169],"absorption":[171],"measurements":[172],"devices.":[175],"show":[177],"redesigning":[184],"AlGaN":[186],"electron":[187],"blocking":[188],"p-waveguide":[192],"doping":[193],"profile.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T23:56:10.502304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
