{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414198801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11132687","title":"FeKAN: Efficient Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks Accelerator Using FeFET-based CAM and LUT","display_name":"FeKAN: Efficient Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks Accelerator Using FeFET-based CAM and LUT","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414198801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11132687"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/dac63849.2025.11132687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11132687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 62nd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067237630","display_name":"Xuliang Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-6960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuliang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101648380","display_name":"Yu Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0885-2748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071383109","display_name":"Xunzhao Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4656-9545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xunzhao Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054211420","display_name":"Cheng Zhuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2610-7522"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Zhuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054490777","display_name":"Liang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6706-2271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067237630"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23453368,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lookup-table","display_name":"Lookup table","score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.5184000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","score":0.43939998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.4147999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coprocessor","display_name":"Coprocessor","score":0.3716999888420105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8220999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134835016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690265","display_name":"Lookup table","level":2,"score":0.6401000022888184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.5184000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.43939998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.4147999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4004000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86111242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859595","display_name":"Coprocessor","level":2,"score":0.3716999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145108525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656154","display_name":"Xeon","level":2,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96972482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049168","display_name":"Xeon Phi","level":2,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5917680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621825","display_name":"Basis function","level":2,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170723468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182933","display_name":"x86","level":3,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153247305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835713","display_name":"Memory address","level":3,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45347329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166604","display_name":"Convolution (computer science)","level":3,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49154492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5300","display_name":"Central processing unit","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53442348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745101","display_name":"Content-addressable memory","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35912277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243369","display_name":"Double-precision floating-point format","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/dac63849.2025.11132687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/dac63849.2025.11132687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 62nd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322108","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338464","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W2048266589","https://openalex.org/W2141546789","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2604319603","https://openalex.org/W2612076670","https://openalex.org/W2794952988","https://openalex.org/W2805362231","https://openalex.org/W2884150179","https://openalex.org/W2894948827","https://openalex.org/W2933452742","https://openalex.org/W2948661249","https://openalex.org/W2950656546","https://openalex.org/W2953915593","https://openalex.org/W2970241502","https://openalex.org/W2982479999","https://openalex.org/W2988640543","https://openalex.org/W3005619596","https://openalex.org/W3016014942","https://openalex.org/W3016021860","https://openalex.org/W3103168911","https://openalex.org/W3114479342","https://openalex.org/W3184490722","https://openalex.org/W4221038786","https://openalex.org/W4226064839","https://openalex.org/W4236868170","https://openalex.org/W4240168186","https://openalex.org/W4243519499","https://openalex.org/W4254672563","https://openalex.org/W4293025109","https://openalex.org/W4294811277","https://openalex.org/W4302066626","https://openalex.org/W4389370828","https://openalex.org/W4390959363","https://openalex.org/W4392746496","https://openalex.org/W4392897316","https://openalex.org/W4399727730","https://openalex.org/W4403966486","https://openalex.org/W4404133542","https://openalex.org/W4404133658","https://openalex.org/W4404134084"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kolmogorov-Arnold":[0],"networks":[1],"(KANs)":[2],"have":[3],"emerged":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,72,83,112,142],"promising":[7],"alternative":[8],"to":[9,12,65,146,161,172],"MLP":[10],"due":[11],"their":[13],"adaptive":[14],"learning":[15],"capabilities":[16],"for":[17,30,36,43,76,127,134],"complex":[18],"dependencies":[19],"through":[20],"B-spline":[21,48,78,128],"basis":[22,79,129],"activations":[23],"(BBA).":[24],"However,":[25],"existing":[26],"in-memory":[27],"accelerators":[28],"optimized":[29],"MLP-based":[31],"DNNs":[32],"are":[33],"primarily":[34],"designed":[35,64],"vector-matrix":[37],"multiplication":[38],"(VMM),":[39],"making":[40],"them":[41],"inefficient":[42],"the":[44],"dynamic":[45,104],"and":[46,97,117,131,136,165,170,175,187],"recursive":[47],"interpolation":[49],"(BSI)":[50],"operations":[51,106],"required":[52],"by":[53],"KANs.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56],"work,":[57],"we":[58,70,121,140],"propose":[59,122,141],"FeKAN,":[60],"an":[61],"FeFET-based":[62,93],"architecture":[63],"accelerate":[66],"BBA":[67],"operations.":[68],"First,":[69],"develop":[71],"software-hardware":[73],"co-optimized":[74],"framework":[75,102],"mapping":[77],"functions":[80],"(BBF),":[81],"leveraging":[82],"two-stage":[84],"design":[85],"space":[86],"exploration":[87],"(DSE)":[88],"algorithm":[89],"in":[90],"combination":[91],"with":[92],"Look-Up":[94],"Tables":[95],"(LUT)":[96],"Content-Addressable":[98],"Memory":[99],"(CAM).":[100],"This":[101],"translated":[103],"BSI":[105],"into":[107],"static":[108],"codebook":[109],"lookups,":[110],"achieving":[111],"balanced":[113],"trade-off":[114],"between":[115],"memory":[116,135],"computational":[118],"efficiency.":[119,153],"Second,":[120],"compress-sparsity-column":[123],"(CSC)":[124],"based":[125],"encoding":[126],"function":[130],"grouped-computation":[132],"strategy":[133,145],"energy":[137,179],"reduction.":[138],"Third,":[139],"groupedpipeline":[143],"optimization":[144],"mitigate":[147],"data":[148],"dependencies,":[149],"significantly":[150],"enhancing":[151],"computation":[152],"Experimental":[154],"results":[155],"demonstrate":[156],"that":[157],"FeKAN":[158],"achieves":[159],"up":[160,171],"$150.68":[162],"\\mathrm{~K}":[163],"\\times$":[164,167,174,177],"$4664":[166],"higher":[168],"throughput":[169],"$606.87":[173],"$11196":[176],"greater":[178],"efficiency":[180],"over":[181],"Intel":[182],"Xeon":[183],"Silver":[184],"4310":[185],"CPU":[186],"NVIDIA":[188],"A6000":[189],"GPU,":[190],"respectively.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}