{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413146015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.02681","title":"Are Images Indistinguishable to Humans Also Indistinguishable to Classifiers?","display_name":"Are Images Indistinguishable to Humans Also Indistinguishable to Classifiers?","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413146015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.02681"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.02681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.02681","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102678897","display_name":"Zebin You","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zebin You","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renmin University of China,Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renmin University of China,Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092365896","display_name":"Xinyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1789-9319"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Adelaide"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Adelaide","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035655558","display_name":"Hanzhong Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanzhong Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renmin University of China,Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renmin University of China,Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075880303","display_name":"Jingdong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4888-4445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingdong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu VIS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu VIS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072905534","display_name":"Chongxuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-9076"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78988378","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongxuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renmin University of China,Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renmin University of China,Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102678897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78988378"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85469121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"28790","last_page":"28800"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.5803999900817871,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.5803999900817871,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.4943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6075671911239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5811032056808472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3761409819126129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37351804971694946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6075671911239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5811032056808472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3761409819126129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37351804971694946}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.02681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52734.2025.02681","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311649","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/036nq5137"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322499","display_name":"Renmin University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/041pakw92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326444","display_name":"Nova","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"ultimate":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,18,27,50,112,140,158,181],"generative":[4],"models":[5,57,93,106,135],"is":[6,167],"to":[7,31,68,103],"perfectly":[8],"capture":[9],"the":[10,24,48,108,148,156,179],"data":[11,163,166],"distribution.":[12],"For":[13],"image":[14],"generation,":[15],"common":[16],"metrics":[17],"visual":[19],"quality":[20],"(e.g.,":[21,97,115],"FID)":[22],"and":[23,70,152],"perceived":[25],"truthfulness":[26],"generated":[28,76,141,159,165,182],"images":[29,74],"seem":[30],"suggest":[32],"that":[33],"we":[34,44,82],"are":[35,58,66],"nearing":[36],"this":[37,62],"goal.":[38,63],"However,":[39],"through":[40],"distribution":[41],"classification":[42],"tasks,":[43],"reveal":[45],"that,":[46],"from":[47,61,75],"perspective":[49],"neural":[51],"network-based":[52],"classifiers,":[53],"even":[54],"advanced":[55],"diffusion":[56,92,134],"still":[59],"far":[60],"Specifically,":[64],"classifiers":[65,87],"able":[67],"consistently":[69],"effortlessly":[71],"distinguish":[72,104],"real":[73,162],"ones":[77],"across":[78],"various":[79],"settings.":[80],"Moreover,":[81],"uncover":[83],"an":[84],"intriguing":[85],"discrepancy:":[86],"can":[88,176],"easily":[89],"differentiate":[90],"between":[91,105],"with":[94,164],"comparable":[95],"performance":[96],"U-ViTH":[98],"vs.":[99,117],"DiT-XL),":[100],"but":[101,111],"struggle":[102],"within":[107],"same":[109],"family":[110],"different":[113],"scales":[114],"EDM2-XS":[116],"EDM2-XXL).":[118],"Our":[119],"methodology":[120],"carries":[121],"several":[122],"important":[123],"implications.":[124],"First,":[125],"it":[126,144],"naturally":[127],"serves":[128],"as":[129],"a":[130],"diagnostic":[131],"tool":[132],"for":[133],"by":[136],"analyzing":[137],"specific":[138],"features":[139],"data.":[142],"Second,":[143],"sheds":[145],"light":[146],"on":[147],"model":[149],"autophagy":[150],"disorder":[151],"offers":[153],"insights":[154],"into":[155],"use":[157],"data:":[160],"augmenting":[161],"more":[168],"effective":[169],"than":[170],"replacing":[171],"it.":[172],"Third,":[173],"classifier":[174],"guidance":[175],"significantly":[177],"enhance":[178],"realism":[180],"images.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}