{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3153340459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/crc50527.2021.9392475","title":"Performance Analysis of Internet of Things Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL): Energy, Overhead and Packet Delivery","display_name":"Performance Analysis of Internet of Things Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL): Energy, Overhead and Packet Delivery","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3153340459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/crc50527.2021.9392475","mag":"3153340459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/crc50527.2021.9392475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/crc50527.2021.9392475","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 3rd International Cyber Resilience Conference (CRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036146494","display_name":"Tan Woei Ching","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tan Woei Ching","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073112703","display_name":"Azana Hafizah Mohd Aman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7337-6736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azana Hafizah Mohd Aman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012783794","display_name":"Wan Muhd Hazwan Azamuddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-6226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan Muhd Hazwan Azamuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112447858","display_name":"Hasimi Sallehuddin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasimi Sallehuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Cyber Security, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055188349","display_name":"Zainab S. Attarbashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-8098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94625822","display_name":"Northern University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01ss10648","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94625822"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zainab Senan Attarbashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94625822"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036146494"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.681,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84401191,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.8093200922012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7548438310623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6644895076751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5586091876029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5517926216125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zone-routing-protocol","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","score":0.5078111290931702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lossy-compression","display_name":"Lossy compression","score":0.4171847701072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.3192438781261444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.8093200922012329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7548438310623169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6644895076751709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5586091876029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5517926216125488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.5078111290931702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165021410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55564","display_name":"Lossy compression","level":2,"score":0.4171847701072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.3192438781261444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/crc50527.2021.9392475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/crc50527.2021.9392475","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 3rd International Cyber Resilience Conference (CRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096059127","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2188680900","https://openalex.org/W2249376982","https://openalex.org/W2293972971","https://openalex.org/W2563681490","https://openalex.org/W2754649472","https://openalex.org/W2924869419","https://openalex.org/W2946271048","https://openalex.org/W2946805489","https://openalex.org/W2972226161","https://openalex.org/W3013865443","https://openalex.org/W3024513231","https://openalex.org/W4241968542","https://openalex.org/W6675912083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386876404","https://openalex.org/W2087720402","https://openalex.org/W2113081707","https://openalex.org/W2923295664","https://openalex.org/W2122998529","https://openalex.org/W2489894102","https://openalex.org/W2019099320","https://openalex.org/W2143656291","https://openalex.org/W2035778208","https://openalex.org/W2394677160"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,105],"line":[1],"with":[2],"the":[3,7,13,18,25,34,47,95,98,112,122,145,153,171,175,194,205,210,230],"rapid":[4],"development":[5],"of":[6,9,27,97,114,133,155,170,202,219,233,236],"Internet":[8],"Things":[10],"(IoT)":[11],"network,":[12],"challenges":[14],"faced":[15],"are":[16,56,119],"ensuring":[17],"network":[19,43,70,160,231],"performance":[20,113,128],"is":[21,81,129,191],"capable":[22],"to":[23,57,93,182,227],"support":[24],"communication":[26],"these":[28],"IoT":[29,48,60],"devices.":[30],"As":[31],"a":[32,82,90],"result,":[33],"routing":[35,61,86],"protocols":[36],"can":[37],"provide":[38],"fast":[39],"route":[40],"discovery":[41],"and":[42,66,77,101,125,140,162,177,221],"maintenance":[44],"by":[45,199,216],"considering":[46],"network's":[49],"resource":[50],"constraints.":[51],"This":[52],"paper's":[53],"main":[54],"contributions":[55],"identify":[58],"compatible":[59],"protocol":[62,87],"using":[63,121],"qualitative":[64],"method":[65],"factor":[67],"that":[68,174],"affect":[69],"performance.":[71],"Routing":[72],"Protocol":[73],"for":[74,144,165],"Low":[75,99],"Power":[76,100],"Lossy":[78,102],"Networks":[79,103],"(RPL)":[80],"proactive":[83],"distance-":[84],"vector":[85],"designed":[88],"as":[89],"proposed":[91],"standard":[92],"meet":[94],"requirements":[96],"(LLN).":[104],"this":[106],"project,":[107],"four":[108],"influential":[109],"factors":[110],"on":[111],"RPL":[115,127],"in":[116,131],"Contiki":[117],"OS":[118],"examined":[120],"Cooja":[123],"simulator":[124],"then":[126],"assessed":[130],"terms":[132],"Packet":[134],"Delivery":[135],"Ratio":[136],"(PDR),":[137],"Energy":[138],"consumption":[139,214],"Overhead":[141],"control":[142,222],"message":[143,223],"network.":[146],"The":[147,168],"project":[148],"provides":[149],"an":[150,200,217],"insight":[151],"into":[152],"implications":[154],"traffic":[156],"patterns,":[157],"transmission":[158,183],"ranges,":[159],"size":[161,224],"node":[163],"mobility":[164,195,206,237],"different":[166],"scenarios.":[167],"results":[169],"simulation":[172],"show":[173],"PDR":[176,197],"overhead":[178],"ratio":[179],"increases":[180,185,215],"proportional":[181],"distances":[184],"but":[186],"decreases":[187,198],"while":[188],"radio":[189],"interference":[190],"increased.":[192],"From":[193],"aspect,":[196],"average":[201,218],"19.5%":[203],"when":[204,229],"nodes":[207],"expand.":[208],"On":[209],"other":[211],"hand,":[212],"energy":[213],"63.7%":[220],"increased":[225],"up":[226],"213%":[228],"consists":[232],"40":[234],"percent":[235],"nodes.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
