{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949713292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coginfocom47531.2019.9089924","title":"Reinforcement Learning of Minimalist Numeral Grammars","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning of Minimalist Numeral Grammars","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949713292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coginfocom47531.2019.9089924","mag":"2949713292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/coginfocom47531.2019.9089924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coginfocom47531.2019.9089924","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 10th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.04447","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028169100","display_name":"Peter beim Graben","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4867-1810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter beim Graben","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112258801","display_name":"Ronald R\u00f6mer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Romer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054114504","display_name":"Werner Meyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Werner Meyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052222572","display_name":"Markus Huber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-0363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Huber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101784693","display_name":"Matthias Wolff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3895-7313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51783024","display_name":"Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxx3e24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Wolff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brandenburgische Technische Universit\u00e4t Cottbus \u2013 Senftenberg, Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Communications Engineering, Cottbus, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028169100"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51783024"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1445,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56371621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"67","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.775385856628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.7128201723098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.6551177501678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5384208559989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5267692804336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5110467672348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.48674631118774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicon","display_name":"Lexicon","score":0.48164668679237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47154003381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numeral-system","display_name":"Numeral system","score":0.44476377964019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.4407191276550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-competence","display_name":"Linguistic competence","score":0.43047091364860535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.4280804693698883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.10924229025840759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.775385856628418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.7128201723098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6551177501678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5384208559989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5267692804336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5110467672348022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.48674631118774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778121359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8096","display_name":"Lexicon","level":2,"score":0.48164668679237366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47154003381729126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204160518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122653","display_name":"Numeral system","level":2,"score":0.44476377964019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4407191276550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17601614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1346205","display_name":"Linguistic competence","level":2,"score":0.43047091364860535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4280804693698883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.10924229025840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/coginfocom47531.2019.9089924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/coginfocom47531.2019.9089924","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 10th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1906.04447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04447","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.04447","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2949713292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1906.04447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1906.04447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1906.04447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1906.04447","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1906.04447","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2949713292.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46338698","https://openalex.org/W171069754","https://openalex.org/W207276018","https://openalex.org/W830644699","https://openalex.org/W1526292255","https://openalex.org/W1531036590","https://openalex.org/W1558877925","https://openalex.org/W1559147707","https://openalex.org/W1565420978","https://openalex.org/W1581551674","https://openalex.org/W1687940340","https://openalex.org/W1969005071","https://openalex.org/W1971415293","https://openalex.org/W2013792237","https://openalex.org/W2038594453","https://openalex.org/W2039762981","https://openalex.org/W2078484605","https://openalex.org/W2089385274","https://openalex.org/W2107019937","https://openalex.org/W2109901830","https://openalex.org/W2116908653","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2130630493","https://openalex.org/W2137871902","https://openalex.org/W2153568660","https://openalex.org/W2155524666","https://openalex.org/W2163539051","https://openalex.org/W2175268987","https://openalex.org/W2224788560","https://openalex.org/W2711432405","https://openalex.org/W2787254931","https://openalex.org/W2787488021","https://openalex.org/W2787901052","https://openalex.org/W2888730372","https://openalex.org/W2913184320","https://openalex.org/W2954252697","https://openalex.org/W3026319299","https://openalex.org/W3110909889","https://openalex.org/W4252432627","https://openalex.org/W4255352913","https://openalex.org/W6606959608","https://openalex.org/W6608504219","https://openalex.org/W6633312057","https://openalex.org/W6678067405","https://openalex.org/W6748277917","https://openalex.org/W6748521725","https://openalex.org/W6757851634"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3024451619","https://openalex.org/W3022532718","https://openalex.org/W220397031","https://openalex.org/W1964207175","https://openalex.org/W1595739759","https://openalex.org/W1583244717","https://openalex.org/W2006639076","https://openalex.org/W2896404099","https://openalex.org/W2949104720","https://openalex.org/W2752713499","https://openalex.org/W1827699276","https://openalex.org/W1563169400","https://openalex.org/W3184011421","https://openalex.org/W2121303280","https://openalex.org/W2008951481","https://openalex.org/W2111721995","https://openalex.org/W2602927345","https://openalex.org/W2767365456","https://openalex.org/W1512443123","https://openalex.org/W2326047103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Speech-controlled":[0],"user":[1],"interfaces":[2],"facilitate":[3],"the":[4,17,34,74,99,102,128,141,163,178],"operation":[5],"of":[6,73,101,108,120,135],"devices":[7],"and":[8,44,63,70,105,172],"household":[9],"functions":[10],"to":[11,32,39,127],"laymen.":[12],"State-of-the-art":[13],"language":[14,75],"technology":[15],"scans":[16],"acoustically":[18],"analyzed":[19],"speech":[20],"signal":[21],"for":[22,98],"relevant":[23],"keywords":[24],"that":[25,57],"are":[26,58,125,143],"subsequently":[27],"inserted":[28],"into":[29],"semantic":[30,61,71],"slots":[31],"interpret":[33],"user's":[35],"intent.":[36],"In":[37],"order":[38],"develop":[40],"proper":[41],"cognitive":[42,85],"information":[43],"communication":[45],"technologies,":[46],"simple":[47],"slot-filling":[48],"should":[49],"be":[50,81],"replaced":[51],"by":[52,83,130],"utterance":[53,136],"meaning":[54,137],"transducers":[55],"(UMT)":[56],"based":[59,111],"on":[60,112],"parsers":[62],"a":[64,84,94,116,131],"mental":[65],"lexicon,":[66,166],"comprising":[67],"syntactic,":[68],"phonetic":[69],"features":[72],"under":[76],"consideration.":[77],"This":[78],"lexicon":[79],"must":[80],"acquired":[82,165],"agent":[86,129],"during":[87],"interaction":[88],"with":[89],"its":[90],"users.":[91],"We":[92],"outline":[93],"reinforcement":[95,173],"learning":[96],"algorithm":[97],"acquisition":[100],"syntactic":[103],"morphology":[104],"arithmetic":[106,146],"semantics":[107],"English":[109],"numerals,":[110],"minimalist":[113],"grammar":[114,171],"(MG),":[115],"recent":[117],"computational":[118],"implementation":[119],"generative":[121,170],"linguistics.":[122],"Number":[123],"words":[124],"presented":[126],"teacher":[132],"in":[133],"form":[134],"pairs":[138],"(UMP)":[139],"where":[140],"meanings":[142],"encoded":[144],"as":[145],"terms.":[147],"Since":[148],"MG":[149],"encodes":[150],"universal":[151],"linguistic":[152,160],"competence":[153],"through":[154],"inference":[155],"rules,":[156],"thereby":[157],"separating":[158],"innate":[159],"knowledge":[161],"from":[162],"contingently":[164],"our":[167],"approach":[168],"unifies":[169],"learning,":[174],"hence":[175],"potentially":[176],"resolving":[177],"still":[179],"pending":[180],"Chomsky-Skinner":[181],"controversy.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}