{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1988032138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudcom.2012.6427545","title":"Green-aware workload scheduling in geographically distributed data centers","display_name":"Green-aware workload scheduling in geographically distributed data centers","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1988032138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudcom.2012.6427545","mag":"1988032138"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cloudcom.2012.6427545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudcom.2012.6427545","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041192345","display_name":"Changbing Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Changbing Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,,Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039946576","display_name":"Bingsheng He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8618-4581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingsheng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,,Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015527156","display_name":"Xueyan Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-7595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyan Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,,Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041192345"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.5625,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98934594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"82","last_page":"89"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.8424279689788818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-center","display_name":"Data center","score":0.7983361482620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6839324235916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.662169337272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6191139817237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-footprint","display_name":"Carbon footprint","score":0.60574871301651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5843376517295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.48262104392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.451901376247406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.43999171257019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-priority-scheduling","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","score":0.4182617664337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.1844514012336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.17593702673912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16465139389038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.16143792867660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.13423335552215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1249103844165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1012316644191742}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.8424279689788818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153740404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671224","display_name":"Data center","level":2,"score":0.7983361482620239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6839324235916138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.662169337272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6191139817237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780936489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310667","display_name":"Carbon footprint","level":3,"score":0.60574871301651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5843376517295837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.48262104392051697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.451901376247406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.43999171257019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107568181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319000","display_name":"Dynamic priority scheduling","level":3,"score":0.4182617664337158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.1844514012336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.17593702673912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16465139389038086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.16143792867660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.13423335552215576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1249103844165802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1012316644191742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cloudcom.2012.6427545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cloudcom.2012.6427545","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.700.9076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.700.9076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/bshe/cloudcom2012.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/97268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10220/13075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320766","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7289649","https://openalex.org/W1528656891","https://openalex.org/W1923049033","https://openalex.org/W1987307249","https://openalex.org/W2055077314","https://openalex.org/W2055964748","https://openalex.org/W2066238258","https://openalex.org/W2066786310","https://openalex.org/W2095546124","https://openalex.org/W2096092966","https://openalex.org/W2096893233","https://openalex.org/W2104927295","https://openalex.org/W2114386613","https://openalex.org/W2118955868","https://openalex.org/W2134807578","https://openalex.org/W2136466435","https://openalex.org/W2149212714","https://openalex.org/W2152276958","https://openalex.org/W2153657167","https://openalex.org/W2163449191","https://openalex.org/W2164466478","https://openalex.org/W2164510519","https://openalex.org/W2166860697","https://openalex.org/W2168245849","https://openalex.org/W2169466806","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2395599360","https://openalex.org/W2998920088","https://openalex.org/W3139888770","https://openalex.org/W3150882310","https://openalex.org/W6600302386","https://openalex.org/W6631930205","https://openalex.org/W6640068286","https://openalex.org/W6664229618","https://openalex.org/W6682667702","https://openalex.org/W6793055136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184166483","https://openalex.org/W2397293317","https://openalex.org/W2377713709","https://openalex.org/W2373973180","https://openalex.org/W2372008037","https://openalex.org/W2978148977","https://openalex.org/W3003077338","https://openalex.org/W2225350526","https://openalex.org/W1545991362","https://openalex.org/W2060984508"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Renewable":[0],"(or":[1],"green)":[2],"energy,":[3],"such":[4],"as":[5],"solar":[6],"or":[7],"wind,":[8],"has":[9],"at":[10],"least":[11],"partially":[12],"powered":[13],"data":[14,51,64,91,100],"centers":[15,52],"to":[16,41,69,97,122],"reduce":[17],"the":[18,43,88],"environmental":[19],"impact":[20],"of":[21,78,81],"traditional":[22],"energy":[23,26,45,55,59,83,118],"sources":[24],"(brown":[25],"with":[27,53,106,126],"high":[28],"carbon":[29],"footprint).":[30],"In":[31],"this":[32],"paper,":[33],"we":[34],"propose":[35],"a":[36,62],"holistic":[37],"workload":[38,73,89,98,108],"scheduling":[39,74,94,113,128],"algorithm":[40,75,114],"minimize":[42],"brown":[44,117],"consumption":[46,119],"across":[47,90],"multiple":[48],"geographically":[49],"distributed":[50],"renewable":[54],"sources.":[56],"While":[57],"green":[58,82],"supply":[60,84],"for":[61],"single":[63],"center":[65,101],"is":[66,76],"intermittent":[67],"due":[68],"daily/seasonal":[70],"effects,":[71],"our":[72,112],"aware":[77],"different":[79],"amounts":[80],"and":[85,99],"dynamically":[86],"schedules":[87],"centers.":[92],"The":[93],"decision":[95],"adapts":[96],"cooling":[102],"dynamics.":[103],"Our":[104],"experiments":[105],"real":[107],"traces":[109],"demonstrate":[110],"that":[111],"greatly":[115],"reduces":[116],"by":[120],"up":[121],"40%":[123],"in":[124],"comparison":[125],"other":[127],"policies.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
