{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152951248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cit.2004.1357292","title":"Fuzzy discrete particle swarm optimization for solving traveling salesman problem","display_name":"Fuzzy discrete particle swarm optimization for solving traveling salesman problem","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152951248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cit.2004.1357292","mag":"2152951248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cit.2004.1357292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cit.2004.1357292","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Fourth International Conference onComputer and Information Technology, 2004. CIT '04.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081644845","display_name":"Wei Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1761-6659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088523316","display_name":"Kangping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4402-3346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang-ping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079746101","display_name":"Chunguang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5269-2526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-guang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003282830","display_name":"Long-jiang Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long-jiang Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081644845"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.9941,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":157,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97748731,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"796","last_page":"800"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9685999751091003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travelling-salesman-problem","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","score":0.7746762633323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.751920759677887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.7134612202644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.6893017292022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-opt","display_name":"2-opt","score":0.667527437210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaheuristic","display_name":"Metaheuristic","score":0.640150249004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremal-optimization","display_name":"Extremal optimization","score":0.5538658499717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorial-optimization","display_name":"Combinatorial optimization","score":0.5484833717346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck-traveling-salesman-problem","display_name":"Bottleneck traveling salesman problem","score":0.5050671696662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.47007042169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4644702970981598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4592743515968323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4577843248844147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4263607859611511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperialist-competitive-algorithm","display_name":"Imperialist competitive algorithm","score":0.41646936535835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-metaheuristic","display_name":"Parallel metaheuristic","score":0.4114445447921753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175859090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322212","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","level":2,"score":0.7746762633323669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.751920759677887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.7134612202644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.6893017292022705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106472803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291440","display_name":"2-opt","level":3,"score":0.667527437210083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109718341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385229","display_name":"Metaheuristic","level":2,"score":0.640150249004364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188919014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422296","display_name":"Extremal optimization","level":4,"score":0.5538658499717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52692508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333872","display_name":"Combinatorial optimization","level":2,"score":0.5484833717346191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7668213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4949085","display_name":"Bottleneck traveling salesman problem","level":3,"score":0.5050671696662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.47007042169570923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4644702970981598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4592743515968323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4577843248844147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4263607859611511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101219045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859646","display_name":"Imperialist competitive algorithm","level":4,"score":0.41646936535835266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28767586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7135006","display_name":"Parallel metaheuristic","level":4,"score":0.4114445447921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cit.2004.1357292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cit.2004.1357292","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Fourth International Conference onComputer and Information Technology, 2004. CIT '04.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69922168","https://openalex.org/W1577668191","https://openalex.org/W1875348914","https://openalex.org/W2042986967","https://openalex.org/W2063137505","https://openalex.org/W2125213524","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2154929945","https://openalex.org/W6634715273"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3001379520","https://openalex.org/W2549218906","https://openalex.org/W4366959127","https://openalex.org/W2146364482","https://openalex.org/W3013791021","https://openalex.org/W2123233098","https://openalex.org/W2133004095","https://openalex.org/W3031145066","https://openalex.org/W4246557197","https://openalex.org/W2191054341"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Particle":[0],"swarm":[1,44],"optimization,":[2],"as":[3],"an":[4],"evolutionary":[5],"computing":[6],"technique,":[7],"has":[8,23],"succeeded":[9],"in":[10,80,85,100],"many":[11],"continuous":[12],"problems,":[13],"but":[14],"research":[15],"on":[16],"discrete":[17],"problems":[18],"especially":[19],"combinatorial":[20,54],"optimization":[21,45,55],"problem":[22,59],"been":[24],"done":[25],"little":[26],"according":[27],"to":[28,50,71],"Kennedy":[29],"and":[30,33,35,75,82],"Eberhart":[31],"(1997)":[32],"Mohan":[34],"Al-kazemi":[36],"(2001).":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"a":[41,52,63],"modified":[42],"particle":[43],"(PSO)":[46],"algorithm":[47,94,106],"was":[48,95],"proposed":[49],"solve":[51],"typical":[53],"problem:":[56],"traveling":[57],"salesman":[58],"(TSP),":[60],"which":[61],"is":[62],"well-known":[64],"NP-hard":[65],"problem.":[66],"Fuzzy":[67],"matrices":[68],"were":[69,90],"used":[70],"represent":[72],"the":[73,78,83,86,93,105],"position":[74],"velocity":[76],"of":[77],"particles":[79],"PSO":[81,88],"operators":[84],"original":[87],"formulas":[89],"redefined.":[91],"Then":[92],"tested":[96],"with":[97],"concrete":[98],"examples":[99],"TSPLIB,":[101],"experiment":[102],"shows":[103],"that":[104],"can":[107],"achieve":[108],"good":[109],"results.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
