{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2588677519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisp-bmei.2016.7852858","title":"Emitter identification based on the structure of unintentional modulation","display_name":"Emitter identification based on the structure of unintentional modulation","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2588677519","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisp-bmei.2016.7852858","mag":"2588677519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cisp-bmei.2016.7852858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisp-bmei.2016.7852858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 9th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035086037","display_name":"Xiaohu Ru","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu Ru","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100715370","display_name":"Chao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5660-2524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100655628","display_name":"Zheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0821-6176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101706871","display_name":"Zhitao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7135-5181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhitao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100920786","display_name":"Wenli Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7423-5136"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenli Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology Changsha, Hunan, P.R., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035086037"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4285,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80847944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":null,"first_page":"998","last_page":"1002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11853","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and interfaces","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-emitter","display_name":"Common emitter","score":0.7056664228439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6794925928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.6122745871543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4057283401489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3957059681415558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3584563732147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12923306226730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.0909731388092041}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46918542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648344","display_name":"Common emitter","level":2,"score":0.7056664228439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6794925928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.6122745871543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4057283401489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3957059681415558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3584563732147217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12923306226730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0909731388092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cisp-bmei.2016.7852858","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cisp-bmei.2016.7852858","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 9th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing, BioMedical Engineering and Informatics (CISP-BMEI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539008250","https://openalex.org/W1911119155","https://openalex.org/W1983200016","https://openalex.org/W2033182855","https://openalex.org/W2038836370","https://openalex.org/W2057274924","https://openalex.org/W2098739682","https://openalex.org/W2102498100","https://openalex.org/W2104447904","https://openalex.org/W2104560223","https://openalex.org/W2108884300","https://openalex.org/W2111079473","https://openalex.org/W2132317560","https://openalex.org/W2140406248","https://openalex.org/W2351740472","https://openalex.org/W2535547999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790856699","https://openalex.org/W963760361","https://openalex.org/W1545597883","https://openalex.org/W2606779610","https://openalex.org/W2168136726","https://openalex.org/W2161807425","https://openalex.org/W2363778638","https://openalex.org/W71732713","https://openalex.org/W2618864341","https://openalex.org/W1152150768"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unintentional":[0],"modulation":[1],"(UIM),":[2],"which":[3,99],"is":[4,82,115],"unavoidable":[5],"and":[6,59,137],"unique":[7],"to":[8,14,117],"individual":[9],"emitters,":[10],"can":[11],"be":[12],"used":[13],"reliably":[15],"realize":[16],"emitter":[17],"identification.":[18],"Previous":[19],"identification":[20],"methods":[21],"extract":[22],"features":[23,121],"from":[24,123],"either":[25],"some":[26],"parts":[27,88,125],"of":[28,55,71,80,89,102,140],"the":[29,32,35,40,53,69,75,85,90,100,109,133,141],"signal,":[30,42],"ignoring":[31],"UIM":[33,56,81,103],"on":[34,129],"other":[36],"parts,":[37],"or":[38,78],"immediately":[39],"whole":[41],"resulting":[43],"in":[44,98],"heavy":[45],"computational":[46],"loads.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"take":[52],"structure":[54],"into":[57],"consideration,":[58],"propose":[60],"a":[61],"new":[62],"feature":[63,143],"extraction":[64,144],"scheme.":[65,145],"We":[66],"first":[67],"analyze":[68],"mechanism":[70],"UIM,":[72],"realizing":[73],"that":[74],"jitter":[76],"frequency":[77],"intensity":[79],"time-varying":[83],"throughout":[84],"signal.":[86],"The":[87],"signal":[91],"with":[92],"slow":[93],"jitters":[94],"are":[95,104,126],"then":[96],"located,":[97],"bandwidths":[101],"actually":[105],"much":[106],"smaller":[107],"than":[108],"initial":[110],"sampling":[111],"rate;":[112],"thus,":[113],"down-sampling":[114],"applied":[116],"these":[118],"parts.":[119],"Lastly,":[120],"extracted":[122],"different":[124],"combined.":[127],"Experiments":[128],"real-world":[130],"data":[131],"validate":[132],"superior":[134],"recognition":[135],"performance":[136],"computing":[138],"speed":[139],"proposed":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}