{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2172162653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405784","title":"Mismatch Characterization of Ring Oscillators","display_name":"Mismatch Characterization of Ring Oscillators","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2172162653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405784","mag":"2172162653"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2007.4405784","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405784","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023837519","display_name":"Ajay Balankutty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Balankutty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057155550","display_name":"Ting-Yueh Chih","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.C. Chih","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035346383","display_name":"C.Y. Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.Y. Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049341354","display_name":"Peter R. Kinget","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5707-6394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.R. Kinget","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University, New York, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023837519"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8705,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91081121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"515","last_page":"518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.7721763253211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.683418869972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.5834676027297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","score":0.5556949377059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5463235974311829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.4505992531776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43713000416755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3925674259662628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.36976057291030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.361050546169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3566949963569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.28624171018600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23919832706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1986803412437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10941651463508606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7721763253211975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.683418869972229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5834676027297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5556949377059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5463235974311829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.4505992531776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43713000416755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3925674259662628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.36976057291030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.361050546169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3566949963569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.28624171018600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23919832706451416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1986803412437439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10941651463508606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cicc.2007.4405784","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cicc.2007.4405784","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525409241","https://openalex.org/W1569638374","https://openalex.org/W2107566947","https://openalex.org/W2112298877","https://openalex.org/W2117648153","https://openalex.org/W2119440008","https://openalex.org/W2123512677","https://openalex.org/W2126811283","https://openalex.org/W2140281076","https://openalex.org/W2140823559","https://openalex.org/W2143901474","https://openalex.org/W2150786147","https://openalex.org/W2155636448","https://openalex.org/W2164551150","https://openalex.org/W2533387447","https://openalex.org/W2536505949","https://openalex.org/W2566193534","https://openalex.org/W4247815215","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6631407737"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2941394577","https://openalex.org/W2537188592","https://openalex.org/W2121982427","https://openalex.org/W4289821060","https://openalex.org/W2909296819","https://openalex.org/W2118404416","https://openalex.org/W2384340745","https://openalex.org/W1592774155","https://openalex.org/W286639822","https://openalex.org/W2163568546"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,10,13,40,74],"frequency":[3,67],"matching":[4,11,47,57,77],"of":[5,12,16],"ring":[6],"oscillators":[7],"to":[8,42,52],"study":[9],"non-static":[14,46],"operation":[15],"identical":[17],"high":[18],"speed":[19],"analog,":[20],"digital":[21],"and":[22,73,81],"RF":[23],"circuits.":[24],"The":[25,45],"oscillator":[26],"test":[27],"structures":[28],"on":[29,55],"a":[30],"0.25":[31],"<i":[32],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[33],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u03bc</i>":[34],"m":[35],"CMOS":[36],"technology":[37],"operate":[38],"in":[39],"500MHz":[41],"3GHz":[43],"range.":[44],"experimental":[48],"results":[49],"are":[50,78],"compared":[51],"predictions":[53],"based":[54],"DC":[56],"parameters.":[58],"Stage":[59],"averaging":[60,64],"versus":[61],"device":[62],"size":[63],"for":[65],"constant":[66],"designs":[68],"is":[69],"investigated.":[70],"Global":[71],"variations":[72],"long":[75],"distance":[76],"also":[79],"examined":[80],"compared.":[82]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
