{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139180401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688731","title":"Speciation Techniques in Evolved Ensembles with Negative Correlation Learning","display_name":"Speciation Techniques in Evolved Ensembles with Negative Correlation Learning","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139180401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688731","mag":"2139180401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2006.1688731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688731","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077548073","display_name":"Pete Duell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Duell","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Binningham, UK","School of Computer Science, The University of Birmingham, UK (phone +44 121 414 3736; fax +44 121 414 4281; email: p.m.duell@cs.bham.ac.uk)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Binningham, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, The University of Birmingham, UK (phone +44 121 414 3736; fax +44 121 414 4281; email: p.m.duell@cs.bham.ac.uk)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042924030","display_name":"Iris Fermin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093062","display_name":"Thales (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8j9489","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093062","https://openalex.org/I4210140930"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Fermin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thales Research and Technology Limited, Reading, UK","fax +44 121 414 4281"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thales Research and Technology Limited, Reading, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093062"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"fax +44 121 414 4281","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100635494","display_name":"Xin Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8837-4442"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Binningham, UK","email: p.m.duell@cs.bham.ac.uk)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Binningham, UK","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"email: p.m.duell@cs.bham.ac.uk)","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077548073"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3555,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84939781,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"3317","last_page":"3321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6709694862365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.6287157535552979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5680697560310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.5642068386077881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.548879861831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5403552055358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5139502882957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation","display_name":"Correlation","score":0.48290467262268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.44602787494659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-landscape","display_name":"Fitness landscape","score":0.4393841326236725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.432412326335907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-biology","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","score":0.20092427730560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15613868832588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.14547714591026306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6709694862365723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.6287157535552979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5680697560310364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776838516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5642068386077881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.548879861831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5403552055358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5139502882957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.48290467262268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.44602787494659424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91852762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3307742","display_name":"Fitness landscape","level":3,"score":0.4393841326236725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.432412326335907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.20092427730560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15613868832588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14547714591026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cec.2006.1688731","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cec.2006.1688731","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.63.1276","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.63.1276","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~xin/papers/DuellFerminYaoCEC06.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177782359","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1573534773","https://openalex.org/W1969108457","https://openalex.org/W1994660406","https://openalex.org/W2106390255","https://openalex.org/W2116374865","https://openalex.org/W2124290836","https://openalex.org/W2134954564","https://openalex.org/W2137378494","https://openalex.org/W2145833756","https://openalex.org/W2146300243","https://openalex.org/W2151572298","https://openalex.org/W2158875652","https://openalex.org/W2167055186","https://openalex.org/W4230594096","https://openalex.org/W6607198445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322621737","https://openalex.org/W1984474632","https://openalex.org/W1997080762","https://openalex.org/W2352015162","https://openalex.org/W2018853124","https://openalex.org/W1970185413","https://openalex.org/W2979798330","https://openalex.org/W4391323729","https://openalex.org/W4385836827","https://openalex.org/W4225245892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"EENCL":[1],"algorithm":[2],"has":[3],"been":[4],"proposed":[5],"as":[6],"a":[7,21,66,80,96,105],"method":[8],"for":[9,14,71],"designing":[10],"neural":[11],"network":[12],"ensembles":[13],"classification":[15],"tasks,":[16],"combining":[17],"global":[18],"evolution":[19],"with":[20,56],"local":[22],"search":[23],"based":[24],"on":[25],"gradient":[26],"descent.":[27],"Two":[28],"mechanisms":[29],"encourage":[30],"diversity:":[31],"negative":[32],"correlation":[33],"learning":[34],"(NCL)":[35],"and":[36],"implicit":[37],"fitness":[38,54,85],"sharing.":[39],"In":[40],"order":[41],"to":[42,73,90,104],"better":[43],"understand":[44],"the":[45,84],"success":[46],"of":[47],"EENCL,":[48],"this":[49],"work":[50],"replaces":[51],"speciation":[52],"by":[53],"sharing":[55],"an":[57],"island":[58],"model":[59],"population":[60,67,99],"structure.":[61],"We":[62],"find":[63],"that":[64,69],"providing":[65],"structure":[68],"allows":[70],"diversity":[72,78],"emerge,":[74],"rather":[75],"than":[76],"enforcing":[77],"through":[79],"similarity":[81],"penalty":[82],"in":[83],"evaluation,":[86],"we":[87],"are":[88],"able":[89],"produce":[91],"more":[92,97,106],"accurate":[93,107],"ensembles,":[94],"since":[95],"diverse":[98],"does":[100],"not":[101],"necessarily":[102],"lead":[103],"ensemble.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}