{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391019800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383799","title":"Learning Koopman Operators with Control Using Bi-Level Optimization","display_name":"Learning Koopman Operators with Control Using Bi-Level Optimization","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391019800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069630107","display_name":"Daning Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7049-3494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daning Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University,Department of Aerospace Engineering,University Park,PA,USA,16802"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University,Department of Aerospace Engineering,University Park,PA,USA,16802","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039801897","display_name":"Muhammad Bayu Prasetyo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Bayu Prasetyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University,Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics,University Park,PA,USA,16802"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University,Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics,University Park,PA,USA,16802","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100672597","display_name":"Yu Yin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6093-4921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University,Department of Aerospace Engineering,University Park,PA,USA,16802"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University,Department of Aerospace Engineering,University Park,PA,USA,16802","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014226370","display_name":"Junyi Geng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-6810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyi Geng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University,Department of Aerospace Engineering,University Park,PA,USA,16802"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University,Department of Aerospace Engineering,University Park,PA,USA,16802","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85759294,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2147","last_page":"2152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11254","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Vibration Analysis","score":0.9552000164985657,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.6755658388137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6580409407615662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6493732333183289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5464347004890442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamical-systems-theory","display_name":"Dynamical systems theory","score":0.4920901656150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-predictive-control","display_name":"Model predictive control","score":0.466789573431015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4136325716972351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4007072448730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34970468282699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2204994559288025}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.6755658388137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6580409407615662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6493732333183289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5464347004890442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79379906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3174497","display_name":"Dynamical systems theory","level":2,"score":0.4920901656150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172205157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1782962","display_name":"Model predictive control","level":3,"score":0.466789573431015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4136325716972351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4007072448730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34970468282699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2204994559288025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc49753.2023.10383799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 62nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W195033972","https://openalex.org/W1981193003","https://openalex.org/W2014356541","https://openalex.org/W2162991084","https://openalex.org/W2172945660","https://openalex.org/W2523760000","https://openalex.org/W2566199617","https://openalex.org/W2730644873","https://openalex.org/W2777417212","https://openalex.org/W2963611087","https://openalex.org/W2963895143","https://openalex.org/W3009226446","https://openalex.org/W3012046555","https://openalex.org/W3095662525","https://openalex.org/W3098172061","https://openalex.org/W3101392902","https://openalex.org/W3101700534","https://openalex.org/W3130781623","https://openalex.org/W3136945292","https://openalex.org/W3169558090","https://openalex.org/W3170921160","https://openalex.org/W3185415881","https://openalex.org/W3217481449","https://openalex.org/W4225912419","https://openalex.org/W4229458761","https://openalex.org/W4239539940","https://openalex.org/W4285102411","https://openalex.org/W4285163009","https://openalex.org/W4293149789","https://openalex.org/W4312318735","https://openalex.org/W4376112099","https://openalex.org/W4383109373","https://openalex.org/W4386075826","https://openalex.org/W6607786297","https://openalex.org/W6796402086","https://openalex.org/W6801048076","https://openalex.org/W6811113997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990079087","https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W2101188133","https://openalex.org/W3202234113","https://openalex.org/W4248731570","https://openalex.org/W2381210024","https://openalex.org/W2060165215","https://openalex.org/W2384015130","https://openalex.org/W4285595274","https://openalex.org/W3134175397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,15],"accurate":[1,142],"modeling":[2],"and":[3,49,60,66,76,118,134,143],"control":[4,25,46],"of":[5,55,73,137],"nonlinear":[6,28],"dynamical":[7,124],"effects":[8],"are":[9],"crucial":[10],"for":[11,23],"numerous":[12],"robotic":[13],"systems.":[14],"Koopman":[16,43,57,67,115,119],"formalism":[17],"emerges":[18],"as":[19],"a":[20,37,107],"valuable":[21],"tool":[22],"linear":[24,58],"design":[26],"in":[27,50,130,147],"systems":[29],"within":[30],"unknown":[31],"environments.":[32],"However,":[33],"it":[34],"still":[35],"remains":[36],"challenging":[38],"task":[39],"to":[40,154],"learn":[41],"the":[42,52,56,61,64,70,74,91,114,135],"operator":[44],"with":[45,121],"from":[47],"data,":[48],"particular,":[51],"simultaneous":[53,71],"identification":[54],"dynamics":[59,75,120],"mapping":[62,77,117],"between":[63],"physical":[65],"states.":[68],"Conventionally,":[69],"learning":[72,132],"is":[78],"achieved":[79],"via":[80],"single-level":[81],"optimization":[82,109],"based":[83],"on":[84],"one-step":[85],"or":[86],"multi-step":[87],"discrete-time":[88],"predictions,":[89],"but":[90],"learned":[92],"model":[93,96],"may":[94],"lack":[95],"robustness,":[97],"training":[98],"efficiency,":[99],"and/or":[100],"long-term":[101,123],"predictive":[102],"accuracy.":[103],"This":[104],"paper":[105],"presents":[106],"bi-level":[108],"framework":[110,133],"that":[111],"jointly":[112],"learns":[113],"embedding":[116],"exact":[122],"constraints.":[125],"Our":[126],"formulation":[127],"allows":[128],"back-propagation":[129],"standard":[131],"use":[136],"state-of-the-art":[138],"optimizers,":[139],"yielding":[140],"more":[141],"stable":[144],"system":[145],"prediction":[146],"long-time":[148],"horizon":[149],"over":[150],"various":[151],"applications":[152],"compared":[153],"conventional":[155],"methods.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
