{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401164143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb62888.2024.10608341","title":"Fine-Tuning Optimization of Small Language Models: A Novel Graph-Theoretical Approach for Efficient Prompt Engineering","display_name":"Fine-Tuning Optimization of Small Language Models: A Novel Graph-Theoretical Approach for Efficient Prompt Engineering","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401164143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bmsb62888.2024.10608341"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmsb62888.2024.10608341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmsb62888.2024.10608341","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044323650","display_name":"Venkata Gadiraju","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Venkata Gadiraju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Louisiana State University,School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Baton Rouge,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Louisiana State University,School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Baton Rouge,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104285302","display_name":"Hao-Yu Tsai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1712-8862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao-Yu Tsai","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Hsinchu,Taiwan,30013"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Hsinchu,Taiwan,30013","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040614086","display_name":"Hsiao\u2010Chun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0178-1246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99908691","display_name":"Yuan Ze University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fv1ds98","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiao-Chun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yuan Ze University,Innovation Center for AI Applications,Chungli,Taiwan,32003"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yuan Ze University,Innovation Center for AI Applications,Chungli,Taiwan,32003","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99908691"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017574364","display_name":"Manali Singha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-9643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314135232","display_name":"Nationwide Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/003rfsp33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manali Singha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Genomic Medicine (IGM), Nationwide Children&#x2019;s Hospital,Columbus,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Genomic Medicine (IGM), Nationwide Children&#x2019;s Hospital,Columbus,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111275045","display_name":"Chun-Yang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5596-9707"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.-H. Scott Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Tsing Hua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Hsinchu,Taiwan,30013"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Tsing Hua University,Department of Electrical Engineering,Hsinchu,Taiwan,30013","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607490","display_name":"Guannan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4532-7109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314135232","display_name":"Nationwide Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/003rfsp33","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guannan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Genomic Medicine (IGM), Nationwide Children&#x2019;s Hospital,Columbus,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Genomic Medicine (IGM), Nationwide Children&#x2019;s Hospital,Columbus,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314135232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002859892","display_name":"Shih Yu Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3576-0021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shih Yu Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Jose State University,Department of Applied Data Science,San Jose,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Jose State University,Department of Applied Data Science,San Jose,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084103888","display_name":"Yiyan Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8890-5389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151552","display_name":"Communications Research Centre Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/05dybt340","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151552"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications Research Centre,Ottawa,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications Research Centre,Ottawa,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151552"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044323650"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11103945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9225999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12029","display_name":"DNA and Biological Computing","score":0.9225999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7037543058395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.44747114181518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4001924991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.33539167046546936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7037543058395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.44747114181518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4001924991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.33539167046546936}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bmsb62888.2024.10608341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmsb62888.2024.10608341","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting (BMSB)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028902195","https://openalex.org/W2089247135","https://openalex.org/W2159498852","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W2523199059","https://openalex.org/W2765939122","https://openalex.org/W2936695845","https://openalex.org/W2982589253","https://openalex.org/W3035407756","https://openalex.org/W3101950626","https://openalex.org/W3172642864","https://openalex.org/W3199958362","https://openalex.org/W4253707770","https://openalex.org/W4293235690","https://openalex.org/W4301393026","https://openalex.org/W4306874801","https://openalex.org/W4327522797","https://openalex.org/W4372266902","https://openalex.org/W4372342398","https://openalex.org/W4372346804","https://openalex.org/W4383737134","https://openalex.org/W4386065596","https://openalex.org/W4386083129","https://openalex.org/W4386275705","https://openalex.org/W4387385613","https://openalex.org/W4387665600","https://openalex.org/W4389765847","https://openalex.org/W4390873274","https://openalex.org/W4394596916","https://openalex.org/W4402667018","https://openalex.org/W6761205521","https://openalex.org/W6782942446","https://openalex.org/W6857539304","https://openalex.org/W6857621242","https://openalex.org/W6859748050"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W4395014643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,20,24,66,70,100,119,135,158,172],"realm":[2],"of":[3,52,86,161,174],"fine-tuning":[4,27,71,129],"pre-trained":[5],"language":[6,75,140,164],"models":[7,76,141],"in":[8,94,107,118],"modern":[9],"prompt":[10,30,36,44,53,143],"engineering,":[11],"we":[12,38],"introduce":[13],"a":[14,42,48,115,124,162],"novel":[15,43],"graph-theoretical":[16],"approach":[17,63,112],"to":[18,23,40,83,114,137,149,170],"address":[19],"resource-intensive":[21],"challenges":[22],"conventional":[25],"data":[26,96],"methods":[28],"for":[29,73,104,142,157],"engineering.":[31],"Leveraging":[32],"semantic":[33],"and":[34,79,123,127],"contextual":[35],"relationships,":[37],"propose":[39],"form":[41],"graph,":[45],"which":[46],"facilitates":[47],"new":[49,58,91,111,177],"comprehensive":[50],"representation":[51],"similarities.":[54],"Building":[55],"upon":[56],"this":[57],"graph":[59],"structure,":[60],"our":[61,175],"proposed":[62,110,176],"can":[64,97],"minimize":[65],"training":[67,95,101,159],"time":[68],"during":[69],"process":[72,160],"small":[74,163],"by":[77],"identifying":[78],"utilizing":[80],"cliques":[81],"corresponding":[82],"condensed":[84],"subsets":[85],"highly":[87],"similar":[88],"prompts.":[89],"This":[90,131],"strategic":[92],"reduction":[93,117],"greatly":[98],"reduce":[99],"time,":[102],"particularly":[103],"resource-constrained":[105],"applications":[106],"practice.":[108],"Our":[109],"leads":[113],"significant":[116],"original":[120],"prompt-graph":[121],"order":[122],"more":[125],"focused":[126],"streamlined":[128],"process.":[130],"data-reduction":[132],"strategy":[133],"demonstrates":[134],"potential":[136],"enable":[138],"finetuning":[139],"engineering":[144],"with":[145],"smaller":[146],"datasets":[147],"subject":[148],"less":[150],"computational":[151],"resource.":[152],"The":[153],"real":[154],"run-time":[155],"analysis":[156],"model":[165],"GPT2":[166],"have":[167],"been":[168],"undertaken":[169],"show":[171],"advantage":[173],"approach.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-26T23:08:49.675405","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
