{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205049642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671479","title":"An Analysis of COVID-19 Knowledge Graph Construction and Applications","display_name":"An Analysis of COVID-19 Knowledge Graph Construction and Applications","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205049642","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671479","mag":"3205049642"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607718","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04932","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091717157","display_name":"Dominic Flocco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141720752","display_name":"Davidson College","ror":"https://ror.org/02f7k4z58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141720752"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dominic Flocco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Davidson College, Davidson, NC"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Davidson College, Davidson, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141720752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073361461","display_name":"Bryce Palmer-Toy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryce Palmer-Toy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036267465","display_name":"Ruixiao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruixiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087971000","display_name":"Hongyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-6661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039675729","display_name":"Rishi Sonthalia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-392X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rishi Sonthalia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023915605","display_name":"Junyuan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1730-1646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35566140","display_name":"Loyola Marymount University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xhj8c72","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyuan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090707978","display_name":"Andrea L. Bertozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0396-7391"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea L. Bertozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080042065","display_name":"P. Jeffrey Brantingham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1079-0053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Jeffrey Brantingham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091717157"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141720752"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6829,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64042934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2631","last_page":"2640"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.7119142413139343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.6258463859558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.6213474869728088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6010034680366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5926790237426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5212845802307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.506993293762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.4874999225139618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3003705143928528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2618081867694855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.19829589128494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-disease","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","score":0.19648191332817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.18095684051513672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.7119142413139343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.6258463859558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.6213474869728088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6010034680366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5926790237426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5212845802307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.506993293762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4874999225139618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3003705143928528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2618081867694855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.19829589128494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.19648191332817078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.18095684051513672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671479","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata52589.2021.9671479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607718","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2110.04932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.04932","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04932","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3205049642","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv-export3.library.cornell.edu/abs/2110.04932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2110.04932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2110.04932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2110.04932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.04932","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.04932","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306164","display_name":"Simons Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cmst727"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205049642.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205049642.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33249699","https://openalex.org/W168564468","https://openalex.org/W211625369","https://openalex.org/W1552847225","https://openalex.org/W1975684011","https://openalex.org/W2000215628","https://openalex.org/W2022166150","https://openalex.org/W2080133951","https://openalex.org/W2099813784","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2121739212","https://openalex.org/W2143017621","https://openalex.org/W2250342289","https://openalex.org/W2283196293","https://openalex.org/W2544822491","https://openalex.org/W3001531174","https://openalex.org/W3003265726","https://openalex.org/W3015409108","https://openalex.org/W3015520325","https://openalex.org/W3018106669","https://openalex.org/W3037850663","https://openalex.org/W3040619593","https://openalex.org/W3086986628","https://openalex.org/W3088646411","https://openalex.org/W3120829418","https://openalex.org/W3121430869","https://openalex.org/W3121824759","https://openalex.org/W3128128460","https://openalex.org/W3136546421","https://openalex.org/W3163795765","https://openalex.org/W3171261489","https://openalex.org/W3188131705","https://openalex.org/W6638682866","https://openalex.org/W6675143072","https://openalex.org/W6675354045","https://openalex.org/W6695596964","https://openalex.org/W6729203000","https://openalex.org/W6772720592","https://openalex.org/W6773622464","https://openalex.org/W6774977730","https://openalex.org/W6775880316","https://openalex.org/W6776518384","https://openalex.org/W6780646372","https://openalex.org/W6789016644"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081932492","https://openalex.org/W3170990957","https://openalex.org/W2739930689","https://openalex.org/W2072908997","https://openalex.org/W2970042282","https://openalex.org/W3011882296","https://openalex.org/W2071008778","https://openalex.org/W1909597576","https://openalex.org/W2122815995","https://openalex.org/W2006802316","https://openalex.org/W2886366236","https://openalex.org/W3041929574","https://openalex.org/W1016172007","https://openalex.org/W2924190585","https://openalex.org/W2768470684","https://openalex.org/W2909036444","https://openalex.org/W2994310788","https://openalex.org/W3188824453","https://openalex.org/W2268219748","https://openalex.org/W2531867140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"construction":[1],"and":[2,30,69,73,81,103,111,133],"application":[3],"of":[4,21,35,45],"knowledge":[5,54,88,119],"graphs":[6],"have":[7],"seen":[8],"a":[9,53,87],"rapid":[10],"increase":[11],"across":[12],"many":[13],"disciplines":[14],"in":[15,26,61,136],"re-cent":[16],"years.":[17],"Additionally,":[18],"the":[19,27,43,46,62,92,117],"problem":[20],"uncovering":[22],"relationships":[23],"between":[24,94],"developments":[25],"COVID-19":[28,58,130],"pandemic":[29],"social":[31],"me-dia":[32],"behavior":[33],"is":[34],"great":[36],"interest":[37],"to":[38,41,107],"researchers":[39],"hoping":[40],"curb":[42],"spread":[44,75],"disease.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper":[50],"we":[51,85],"present":[52],"graph":[55,89,120],"constructed":[56,118],"from":[57],"related":[59,131],"tweets":[60,125],"Los":[63],"Angeles":[64],"area,":[65],"supplemented":[66],"with":[67,140],"federal":[68],"state":[70],"policy":[71],"announcements":[72],"disease":[74],"statistics.":[76],"By":[77],"incorporating":[78],"dates,":[79],"topics,":[80],"events":[82],"as":[83],"entities,":[84],"construct":[86],"that":[90],"describes":[91],"connections":[93],"these":[95,137],"useful":[96],"information.":[97],"We":[98],"use":[99],"natural":[100],"language":[101],"processing":[102],"change":[104],"point":[105],"analysis":[106,115],"extract":[108],"tweet-topic,":[109],"tweet-date,":[110],"event-date":[112],"relations.":[113],"Further":[114],"on":[116],"provides":[121],"insight":[122],"into":[123],"how":[124,134],"reflect":[126],"public":[127],"sentiments":[128,138],"towards":[129],"topics":[132],"changes":[135],"correlate":[139],"real-world":[141],"events.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}