{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134522634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2006.253330","title":"Learning the Tree of Phenotypes Using Genomic Data and VISDA","display_name":"Learning the Tree of Phenotypes Using Genomic Data and VISDA","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134522634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2006.253330","mag":"2134522634"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibe.2006.253330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2006.253330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE Symposium on BioInformatics and BioEngineering (BIBE'06)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002519768","display_name":"Yuanjian Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799641468","display_name":"Ecpi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04133ks15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanjian Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795","https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ., Blacksburg, VA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111862623","display_name":"Zuyi Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336742384","display_name":"Children's National","ror":"https://ror.org/03wa2q724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100294","display_name":"Center for Children","ror":"https://ror.org/00m9f2x37","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100294"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","display_name":"Catholic University of America","ror":"https://ror.org/047yk3s18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuyi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children\u2019s National Medical Center\nDept of EECS, The Catholic University of America","Children's National Medical Center","Catholic University of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children\u2019s National Medical Center\nDept of EECS, The Catholic University of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children's National Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Catholic University of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110108746","display_name":"Yitan Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799641468","display_name":"Ecpi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04133ks15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yitan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795","https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101536121","display_name":"Jianhua Xuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7256-1374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799641468","display_name":"Ecpi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04133ks15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Xuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795","https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049853144","display_name":"David J. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4841-5147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of EE, The Pennsylvania State University","Pennsylvania State Univ#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of EE, The Pennsylvania State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State Univ#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011322600","display_name":"Robert Clarke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9278-0854"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799903593","display_name":"Georgetown University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00hjz7x27","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799903593"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Clarke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center","GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799903593","https://openalex.org/I184565670"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086088688","display_name":"Eric P. Hoffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6470-5139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336742384","display_name":"Children's National","ror":"https://ror.org/03wa2q724","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric P. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children\u2019s National Medical Center","Children\u00bfs National Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children\u2019s National Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children\u00bfs National Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336742384"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112684346","display_name":"Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5310-2713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799641468","display_name":"Ecpi University","ror":"https://ror.org/04133ks15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of ECE, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795","https://openalex.org/I2799641468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58805318,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"165","last_page":"170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6990995407104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.665386974811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6304270029067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.547909140586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microarray-analysis-techniques","display_name":"Microarray analysis techniques","score":0.538478672504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5140761137008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.5031132102012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4987020492553711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.4821193218231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-clustering","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","score":0.4732910990715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.45849692821502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.4338076710700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.4246752858161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4157443642616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3967362940311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene","display_name":"Gene","score":0.2173798680305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-expression","display_name":"Gene expression","score":0.15833812952041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.13683170080184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11526340246200562}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6990995407104492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.665386974811554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6304270029067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.547909140586853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8415881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839217","display_name":"Microarray analysis techniques","level":4,"score":0.538478672504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5140761137008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5031132102012634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4987020492553711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.4821193218231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92835128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1277447","display_name":"Hierarchical clustering","level":3,"score":0.4732910990715027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.45849692821502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.4338076710700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.4246752858161926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4157443642616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3967362940311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.2173798680305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.15833812952041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13683170080184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11526340246200562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibe.2006.253330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2006.253330","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE Symposium on BioInformatics and BioEngineering (BIBE'06)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528177290","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1727290854","https://openalex.org/W1770825568","https://openalex.org/W1971278063","https://openalex.org/W2037021470","https://openalex.org/W2044337456","https://openalex.org/W2082233060","https://openalex.org/W2121895507","https://openalex.org/W2135346934","https://openalex.org/W2137476312","https://openalex.org/W2138550913","https://openalex.org/W2164893149","https://openalex.org/W2785884112","https://openalex.org/W6636501900"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4292477917","https://openalex.org/W1597862883","https://openalex.org/W2519917623","https://openalex.org/W3121455318","https://openalex.org/W2922052015","https://openalex.org/W4232020296","https://openalex.org/W3183560647","https://openalex.org/W2488882714","https://openalex.org/W2379037722","https://openalex.org/W2910555889"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Though":[0],"supervised":[1,38],"and":[2,40,72,92],"unsupervised":[3],"analyses":[4],"of":[5,58,77],"genomic":[6],"data":[7,70],"have":[8],"been":[9,18],"intensively":[10],"studied":[11],"in":[12,26,49],"recent":[13],"years,":[14],"little":[15],"effort":[16],"has":[17],"made":[19],"to":[20,44],"discover":[21,45],"the":[22,27,46,56,62,74,78,84,89],"structural":[23],"information":[24],"contained":[25],"data.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"work,":[31],"we":[32,54],"propose":[33],"a":[34],"stability":[35],"analysis":[36],"guided":[37],"clustering":[39],"visualization":[41],"method":[42,63],"aiming":[43],"hierarchical":[47],"structure":[48],"gene":[50,67],"expression":[51,68],"data,":[52],"which":[53],"call":[55],"\"tree":[57],"phenotypes\".":[59],"We":[60,81],"applied":[61],"on":[64,88],"two":[65],"multiclass":[66,85],"microarray":[69],"sets":[71],"presented":[73],"biological":[75],"plausibility":[76],"learned":[79,90],"trees.":[80],"also":[82],"tested":[83],"classifiers":[86],"built":[87],"trees":[91],"demonstrated":[93],"their":[94],"good":[95],"classification":[96],"performance":[97]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
