{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2571787103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7803972","title":"A 9-bit, 1.08ps resolution two-step time-to-digital converter in 65 nm CMOS for time-mode ADC","display_name":"A 9-bit, 1.08ps resolution two-step time-to-digital converter in 65 nm CMOS for time-mode ADC","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2571787103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7803972","mag":"2571787103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas.2016.7803972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7803972","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075946583","display_name":"Junjie Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["DE","SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl fur Technische Elektronik (LTE), Technische Universitat, Munchen, Germany","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl fur Technische Elektronik (LTE), Technische Universitat, Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111472507","display_name":"Stephan Henzler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Henzler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl fur Technische Elektronik (LTE), Technische Universitat, Munchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl fur Technische Elektronik (LTE), Technische Universitat, Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034576088","display_name":"D. Schmitt\u2010Landsiedel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4817-5139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doris Schmitt-Landsiedel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lehrstuhl fur Technische Elektronik (LTE), Technische Universitat, Munchen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lehrstuhl fur Technische Elektronik (LTE), Technische Universitat, Munchen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062730461","display_name":"Liter Siek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0415-6497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liter Siek","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075946583"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1838,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6075558,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"348","last_page":"351"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-significant-bit","display_name":"Least significant bit","score":0.8152298927307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7782827019691467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","score":0.660672664642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-range","display_name":"Dynamic range","score":0.5148059725761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-nonlinearity","display_name":"Differential nonlinearity","score":0.4993569850921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/12-bit","display_name":"12-bit","score":0.4678282141685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4413609504699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.414247065782547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3733172118663788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.32255473732948303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.27668213844299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.2113497257232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1856381893157959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.12941238284111023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4305246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3885225","display_name":"Least significant bit","level":2,"score":0.8152298927307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7782827019691467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99594498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434524","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","level":4,"score":0.660672664642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87133666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161699","display_name":"Dynamic range","level":2,"score":0.5148059725761414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71217194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575958","display_name":"Differential nonlinearity","level":3,"score":0.4993569850921631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776310492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271420","display_name":"12-bit","level":3,"score":0.4678282141685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4413609504699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.414247065782547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3733172118663788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32255473732948303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27668213844299316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.2113497257232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1856381893157959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.12941238284111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas.2016.7803972","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7803972","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/152172","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/152172","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520426062","https://openalex.org/W1573445792","https://openalex.org/W1993597884","https://openalex.org/W2062779032","https://openalex.org/W2119220251","https://openalex.org/W2134713152","https://openalex.org/W2152338756","https://openalex.org/W2176792074"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2804896529","https://openalex.org/W2237891095","https://openalex.org/W2536327642","https://openalex.org/W3193786683","https://openalex.org/W2166268103","https://openalex.org/W1975959688","https://openalex.org/W2104161278","https://openalex.org/W2201999020","https://openalex.org/W2028124978","https://openalex.org/W2971835802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,17,29,34,37,54,61],"design":[4],"of":[5,36,51,63,80],"a":[6,20,48,78],"9-bit,":[7],"Two-Step":[8],"Time-to-Digital":[9],"Converter":[10],"(TDC)":[11],"in":[12,19,28],"65":[13],"nm":[14],"CMOS":[15],"for":[16],"application":[18],"time-mode":[21],"ADC.":[22],"The":[23,68,83],"proposed":[24,69],"TDC":[25,31,70],"uses":[26],"body-biasing":[27],"fine":[30],"to":[32,43,89],"obtain":[33],"resolution":[35],"entire":[38],"TDC,":[39],"which":[40],"is":[41,65],"simulated":[42,88],"be":[44,90],"1.08":[45],"ps.":[46],"With":[47],"dynamic":[49],"range":[50],"555":[52],"ps,":[53],"maximum":[55],"conversion":[56],"time":[57],"between":[58],"START":[59],"and":[60,85,93],"availability":[62],"results":[64],"2.7":[66],"ns.":[67],"consumes":[71],"0.667":[72],"mW":[73],"at":[74],"200":[75],"MHz,":[76],"with":[77],"FoM":[79],"0.0065":[81],"pJ/conversion.":[82],"DNL":[84],"INL":[86],"are":[87],"-0.097/0.2":[91],"LSB":[92,95],"-0.12/0.41":[94],"respectively.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}