{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386361209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics59224.2023.10233297","title":"Evaluating the Long-Term Spatio-Temporal Equity of Urban Green Space: A Case Study of Hangzhou, China","display_name":"Evaluating the Long-Term Spatio-Temporal Equity of Urban Green Space: A Case Study of Hangzhou, China","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386361209","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics59224.2023.10233297"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/agro-geoinformatics59224.2023.10233297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics59224.2023.10233297","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111033509","display_name":"Wei-Yang Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Yang Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114155832","display_name":"Yi-Xuan Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4351-0895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi-Xuan Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112992310","display_name":"Wang-Ye Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang-Ye Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057298375","display_name":"Lizhen Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1701-3046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li-Zhen Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111033509"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1647,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5065859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gini-coefficient","display_name":"Gini coefficient","score":0.6248409152030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistic","display_name":"Statistic","score":0.6204430460929871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.6188868284225464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5352587699890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equity","display_name":"Equity (law)","score":0.5126096606254578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.49089914560317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4810221791267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.46672406792640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.4590190649032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-spatial-pattern","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","score":0.4329681098461151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-green-space","display_name":"Urban green space","score":0.42989492416381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-ecology","display_name":"Spatial ecology","score":0.42624998092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4069671630859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.37319403886795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.3561857342720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32179024815559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.25088948011398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.24662566184997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23798972368240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.19576114416122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inequality","display_name":"Inequality","score":0.17653775215148926}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779206190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162455","display_name":"Gini coefficient","level":4,"score":0.6248409152030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89128539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1949963","display_name":"Statistic","level":2,"score":0.6204430460929871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6188868284225464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5352587699890137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.5126096606254578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.49089914560317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4810221791267395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46672406792640686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.4590190649032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173727882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153620","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","level":2,"score":0.4329681098461151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992075096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22652","display_name":"Urban green space","level":3,"score":0.42989492416381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158709400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3578586","display_name":"Spatial ecology","level":2,"score":0.42624998092651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4069671630859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.37319403886795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3561857342720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32179024815559387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.25088948011398315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24662566184997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23798972368240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.19576114416122437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.17653775215148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/agro-geoinformatics59224.2023.10233297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics59224.2023.10233297","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978580884","https://openalex.org/W2042400943","https://openalex.org/W2061864483","https://openalex.org/W2770759946","https://openalex.org/W2790574216","https://openalex.org/W2901392967","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2999954079","https://openalex.org/W3211245354","https://openalex.org/W4224313204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2383098480","https://openalex.org/W1969976536","https://openalex.org/W415618860","https://openalex.org/W2188636363","https://openalex.org/W4311907788","https://openalex.org/W3158931948","https://openalex.org/W3080154996","https://openalex.org/W2158756521","https://openalex.org/W4256585242","https://openalex.org/W2888304028"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"green":[1,27,41,125,132,197,208,246],"space":[2,126],"is":[3],"mostly":[4],"important":[5],"for":[6],"the":[7,13,22,36,53,61,69,75,81,86,101,121,131,143,149,154,166,216,228,235,253,262],"urban":[8,26,40,192],"ecosystem.":[9],"Its":[10],"equity":[11,38],"involves":[12],"reasonable":[14],"distribution":[15,223,242],"of":[16,25,39,56,65,78,124,146,148,168,191,225,244,261,270,284,294],"natural":[17],"resources,":[18],"and":[19,48,110,130,136,160,180,194,220,230,232,237,290],"also":[20],"reflects":[21],"allocation":[23],"fairness":[24],"spaces":[28,42,209,247],"(UGSs).":[29],"Early":[30],"relevant":[31],"researches":[32],"focused":[33],"on":[34],"investigating":[35],"spatial":[37,114],"(EUGSs)":[43],"in":[44,100,105,153,196,203,227,234,259],"a":[45,211,222,274,280,291],"certain":[46],"time,":[47],"paid":[49],"less":[50,233],"attention":[51],"to":[52,73,93,119,163,288,298],"spatio-temporal":[54,241],"changes":[55],"EUGSs.":[57,169],"This":[58],"paper,":[59],"taking":[60],"Second":[62],"Ring":[63],"Road":[64],"Hangzhou":[66],"city":[67],"as":[68],"study":[70,151],"area,":[71],"aims":[72],"exploring":[74],"spatiotemporal":[76],"characteristics":[77],"EUGSs":[79,147,285,295],"over":[80,215],"past":[82,217],"40":[83,218],"years.":[84,205,265],"Firstly,":[85],"random":[87],"forest":[88],"classification":[89],"method":[90],"was":[91],"applied":[92],"detect":[94],"land":[95],"use":[96],"from":[97,286,296],"Landsat":[98],"images":[99],"selected":[102,155,263],"five":[103,156,264],"summers":[104],"1984,":[106],"1994,":[107],"2004,":[108],"2014":[109,297],"2022.":[111,299],"Secondly,":[112],"several":[113],"statistic":[115],"methods":[116],"were":[117,158,161],"utilized":[118],"retrieve":[120],"normalized":[122],"values":[123],"(vegetation)":[127],"at":[128,140,273],"pixel-scale,":[129],"coverage":[133],"rates":[134],"(GCRs)":[135],"their":[137],"hot":[138],"spots":[139],"block-scale.":[141],"Thirdly,":[142],"Gini":[144,268],"coefficients":[145,269],"entire":[150],"area":[152],"years":[157],"calculated,":[159],"adopted":[162],"further":[164],"measure":[165],"change":[167],"The":[170,176,207,240,267],"research":[171],"results":[172],"show":[173,279],"that:":[174],"1)":[175],"overall":[177],"water":[178],"bodies":[179],"baresoil":[181],"lands":[182],"have":[183,200,210,256],"changed":[184],"little,":[185],"but":[186],"there":[187],"are":[188],"clear":[189],"trends":[190],"expansion":[193],"reduction":[195],"spaces,":[198],"which":[199],"slowed":[201],"down":[202],"recent":[204],"2)":[206],"sharply":[212],"decreased":[213],"trend":[214,283,293],"years,":[219],"exhibit":[221],"pattern":[224],"more":[226],"west":[229],"south,":[231],"east":[236],"north.":[238],"3)":[239],"patterns":[243],"block-scale":[245,254],"do":[248],"not":[249],"significantly":[250],"change,":[251],"while":[252,278],"GCRs":[255],"spatially":[257],"varied":[258],"each":[260],"4)":[266],"UGSs":[271],"remain":[272],"relatively":[275],"low":[276],"level,":[277],"general":[281],"upward":[282],"1984":[287],"2014,":[289],"downward":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
