{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2164293629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301615","title":"3D model-based hand tracking using stochastic direct search method","display_name":"3D model-based hand tracking using stochastic direct search method","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2164293629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301615","mag":"2164293629"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2004.1301615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301615","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044035274","display_name":"John Y. Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1723-4597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J.Y. Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042765290","display_name":"Ying Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6998-8924"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101457342","display_name":"Thomas S. Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8474-5859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.S. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044035274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93662874,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"693","last_page":"698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6020227074623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5965811610221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5151568651199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simplex","display_name":"Simplex","score":0.506697952747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4955374002456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/configuration-space","display_name":"Configuration space","score":0.4847218990325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-estimation","display_name":"Motion estimation","score":0.435234010219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","score":0.42930763959884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.42034420371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simplex-algorithm","display_name":"Simplex algorithm","score":0.41061389446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3793087899684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3423643112182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28990599513053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.1329071819782257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6020227074623108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5965811610221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5151568651199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62438384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331350","display_name":"Simplex","level":2,"score":0.506697952747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4955374002456665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90738871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41642869","display_name":"Configuration space","level":2,"score":0.4847218990325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10161872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557891","display_name":"Motion estimation","level":2,"score":0.435234010219574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151876577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049464","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","level":3,"score":0.42930763959884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.42034420371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144521790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134164","display_name":"Simplex algorithm","level":3,"score":0.41061389446258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3793087899684906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3423643112182617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28990599513053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.1329071819782257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/afgr.2004.1301615","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/afgr.2004.1301615","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sixth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 2004. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.66.3179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.66.3179","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ece.northwestern.edu/~yingwu/papers/conference/2004/fg04_final.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481420047","https://openalex.org/W1605884429","https://openalex.org/W2047568295","https://openalex.org/W2100905386","https://openalex.org/W2104869344","https://openalex.org/W2120725061","https://openalex.org/W2125489247","https://openalex.org/W2125742596","https://openalex.org/W2125850087","https://openalex.org/W2126174245","https://openalex.org/W2126698653","https://openalex.org/W2134574424","https://openalex.org/W2138672819","https://openalex.org/W2140684550","https://openalex.org/W2143073828","https://openalex.org/W2149430595","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2162254475","https://openalex.org/W2165409253","https://openalex.org/W2166665167","https://openalex.org/W2170805580","https://openalex.org/W2260563454","https://openalex.org/W2294392286","https://openalex.org/W2532851678","https://openalex.org/W2791123108","https://openalex.org/W3146358763","https://openalex.org/W3160881378","https://openalex.org/W6628883542","https://openalex.org/W6675206319","https://openalex.org/W6679978859","https://openalex.org/W6681061655","https://openalex.org/W6685120696"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185826091","https://openalex.org/W2048470382","https://openalex.org/W2477407501","https://openalex.org/W2384679317","https://openalex.org/W2911215968","https://openalex.org/W1583787753","https://openalex.org/W1570109187","https://openalex.org/W2491692165","https://openalex.org/W2366013513","https://openalex.org/W4244786412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tracking":[0],"the":[1,15,20,37,42,57,61,70,74,93,103,111,120,130,140,160],"articulated":[2,38,75],"hand":[3,154],"motion":[4,27,59],"in":[5,13,29,60],"a":[6,10,30,66,78],"video":[7],"sequence":[8],"is":[9,135,142],"challenging":[11],"problem":[12,46],"which":[14,134],"main":[16],"difficulty":[17],"arises":[18],"from":[19],"complexity":[21],"of":[22,44,56,73,91,105,113,164],"searching":[23],"for":[24,69],"an":[25],"optimal":[26],"estimate":[28],"high":[31],"dimensional":[32,54],"configuration":[33,62,116],"space":[34],"induced":[35],"by":[36,50],"motion.":[39],"Considering":[40],"that":[41,82],"complexities":[43],"this":[45],"mmay":[47],"be":[48],"reduced":[49],"learning":[51],"th":[52],"lower":[53],"manifold":[55,72],"articulation":[58],"space,":[63],"we":[64,101,123],"propose":[65],"new":[67,147],"representation":[68],"nonlinear":[71],"motion,":[76],"with":[77,117,129],"stochastic":[79],"simplex":[80,132],"algorithm":[81],"facilitates":[83],"very":[84],"efficient":[85,136],"search.":[86],"Contrary":[87],"to":[88,119,153],"traditional":[89],"methods":[90],"representing":[92],"manifolds":[94],"through":[95],"clustering":[96],"and":[97,137,156,162],"transition":[98],"matrix":[99],"construction,":[100],"maintain":[102],"set":[104],"all":[106],"training":[107],"samples.":[108],"To":[109],"perform":[110],"search":[112,133],"best":[114],"matching":[115],"respect":[118],"input":[121],"image,":[122],"combine":[124],"sequential":[125],"Monte":[126],"Carlo":[127],"technique":[128],"Nelder-Mead":[131],"effective":[138],"when":[139],"gradient":[141],"not":[143],"readily":[144],"accessible.":[145],"This":[146],"approach":[148],"has":[149],"been":[150],"successfully":[151],"applied":[152],"tracking":[155],"our":[157,165],"experiments":[158],"show":[159],"efficiency":[161],"robustness":[163],"algorithm.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
