{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976104599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943603","title":"Modeling Group Structures With Emotion in Crowd Evacuation","display_name":"Modeling Group Structures With Emotion in Crowd Evacuation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976104599","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943603","mag":"2976104599"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2943603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943603","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848393.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848393.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101964761","display_name":"Yan Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-3467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","School of Business, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048820686","display_name":"Xinmiao Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3911-0114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinmiao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3292-6196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103014366","display_name":"Zixuan Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-9215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixuan Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736472","display_name":"Wu He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-9346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63354593","display_name":"Sichuan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/043dxc061","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-9346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Movie and Media, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63354593"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.7632,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82608519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"140010","last_page":"140021"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10747","display_name":"Disaster Management and Resilience","score":0.9656999707221985,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9156000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowds","display_name":"Crowds","score":0.9557918310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.7534096240997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.6567075252532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowd-simulation","display_name":"Crowd simulation","score":0.641700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6008641719818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowd-psychology","display_name":"Crowd psychology","score":0.5962744951248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-behavior","display_name":"Group behavior","score":0.5421614646911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5197493433952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-structure","display_name":"Group structure","score":0.5119603872299194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.39258790016174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.37814822793006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33882707357406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3244088888168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3231791853904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2819042205810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.08209103345870972}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777852691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13430821","display_name":"Crowds","level":2,"score":0.9557918310165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.7534096240997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.6567075252532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45617602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465266","display_name":"Crowd simulation","level":3,"score":0.641700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6008641719818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44042526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355183","display_name":"Crowd psychology","level":2,"score":0.5962744951248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986275291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839578","display_name":"Group behavior","level":2,"score":0.5421614646911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5197493433952332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987759526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Group structure","level":2,"score":0.5119603872299194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.39258790016174316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.37814822793006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33882707357406616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3244088888168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3231791853904724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2819042205810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.08209103345870972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2943603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943603","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848393.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4103b6d8997d4fdb899f3835838c9f05","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4103b6d8997d4fdb899f3835838c9f05","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 140010-140021 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2943603","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943603","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848393.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3216845010","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81560372","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3781069028","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KJ201413","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327060","funder_display_name":"Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327060","display_name":"Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976104599.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976104599.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108343776","https://openalex.org/W109825161","https://openalex.org/W1530155851","https://openalex.org/W1946350277","https://openalex.org/W1982675814","https://openalex.org/W1997593751","https://openalex.org/W2026220725","https://openalex.org/W2049302255","https://openalex.org/W2069056129","https://openalex.org/W2077952221","https://openalex.org/W2078143816","https://openalex.org/W2082699228","https://openalex.org/W2097729326","https://openalex.org/W2106865231","https://openalex.org/W2149997098","https://openalex.org/W2167052694","https://openalex.org/W2169243563","https://openalex.org/W2170203328","https://openalex.org/W2177546218","https://openalex.org/W2185629336","https://openalex.org/W2269039885","https://openalex.org/W2324752086","https://openalex.org/W2342591224","https://openalex.org/W2345063721","https://openalex.org/W2570781395","https://openalex.org/W2588247178","https://openalex.org/W2756025139","https://openalex.org/W2795131688","https://openalex.org/W2795999255","https://openalex.org/W2799893612","https://openalex.org/W2801766587","https://openalex.org/W2805781729","https://openalex.org/W2809519931","https://openalex.org/W2810926211","https://openalex.org/W2811391419","https://openalex.org/W2889357618","https://openalex.org/W2895332767","https://openalex.org/W2901306304","https://openalex.org/W2909693085","https://openalex.org/W2962703917","https://openalex.org/W4241069851","https://openalex.org/W4246942799","https://openalex.org/W6684645706","https://openalex.org/W6686799028","https://openalex.org/W6693635807","https://openalex.org/W6750287967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2189920449","https://openalex.org/W1555506539","https://openalex.org/W2027377291","https://openalex.org/W2077952221","https://openalex.org/W2080358801","https://openalex.org/W330714227","https://openalex.org/W2523534162","https://openalex.org/W2976104599"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Simulation":[0,179],"on":[1,25],"crowd":[2,70],"evacuation":[3,80,197],"has":[4],"attracted":[5],"plenty":[6],"of":[7,44,63,83,96,133,141,159,166,172,196],"attention":[8],"in":[9,19,37,47,75,93,127],"the":[10,26,29,60,64,94,124,139,151,157,160,164,170,173,183,189],"past":[11],"few":[12],"years.":[13],"Emotion":[14],"plays":[15],"a":[16,34,42,48,55,69,102,134],"significant":[17],"role":[18],"human":[20],"decision":[21],"making":[22],"processes":[23],"and":[24,39,73,117,131,163,192],"behaviors":[27,132],"during":[28],"evacuation.":[30],"Moreover,":[31],"grouping":[32],"is":[33,101],"common":[35],"phenomenon":[36,126],"crowds,":[38],"there":[40],"are":[41,108,120,136],"lot":[43],"roles":[45,92,107],"included":[46],"group.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"paper,":[52],"we":[53],"present":[54],"unified":[56],"framework":[57,81,185],"to":[58,122,138,149,156],"model":[59,89,188],"structure":[61,116,130],"aspect":[62],"groups":[65],"with":[66],"emotion":[67,88,158,190],"for":[68,90],"suffering":[71],"fires":[72],"explosions":[74],"public":[76],"areas.":[77],"The":[78,129],"proposed":[79],"consists":[82],"two":[84],"components:":[85],"(1)":[86],"an":[87,97],"various":[91],"case":[95],"emergency.":[98,128],"Emotional":[99],"changing":[100,191],"complex":[103],"process":[104],"where":[105],"different":[106,111,142,193],"influenced":[109],"by":[110],"factors.":[112],"(2)":[113],"Both":[114],"intra-group":[115],"inter-group":[118],"relationship":[119],"considered":[121],"simulate":[123],"herd":[125],"group":[135,152,161,174,194],"related":[137],"emotions":[140],"roles.":[143],"A":[144],"follower":[145],"can":[146,186],"decide":[147],"whether":[148],"leave":[150],"or":[153],"not":[154],"according":[155],"leader":[162],"one":[165],"his":[167],"own,":[168],"thus":[169],"members":[171],"may":[175],"always":[176],"dynamically":[177],"change.":[178],"results":[180],"show":[181],"that":[182],"developed":[184],"practically":[187],"structures":[195],"crowds.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
