{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2919027935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2903198","title":"Versatile Conical Conformal Array Antenna Based on Implementation of Independent and Endfire Radiation for UAV Applications","display_name":"Versatile Conical Conformal Array Antenna Based on Implementation of Independent and Endfire Radiation for UAV Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2919027935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2903198","mag":"2919027935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2903198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2903198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08660677.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08660677.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067567098","display_name":"Hongcheng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2813-3230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongcheng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2813-3230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101733821","display_name":"Jianli Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-7810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110262843","display_name":"Yuncheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt1g669","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110262843"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianli Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Electronics, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Electronics, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110262843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064092845","display_name":"Junping Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3021-8492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junping Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040867404","display_name":"Binzhen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6369-153X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binzhen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement, Ministry of Education, North University of China, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063359742","display_name":"Ying Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-6919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139481","display_name":"Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","ror":"https://ror.org/04323m874","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139481"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Science and Technology, Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sichuan Aerospace Liaoyuan Science and Technology, Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139481"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":36.8039,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99404239,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"31207","last_page":"31217"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conical-surface","display_name":"Conical surface","score":0.7031419277191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformal-map","display_name":"Conformal map","score":0.605280339717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformal-antenna","display_name":"Conformal antenna","score":0.5971273183822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5283882021903992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.49810075759887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.4376833736896515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.41608142852783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.31224751472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2580023407936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slot-antenna","display_name":"Slot antenna","score":0.20945468544960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09798291325569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.09533628821372986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124961601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518149","display_name":"Conical surface","level":2,"score":0.7031419277191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98214594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850275","display_name":"Conformal map","level":2,"score":0.605280339717865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182697305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160244","display_name":"Conformal antenna","level":5,"score":0.5971273183822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5283882021903992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.49810075759887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.4376833736896515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.41608142852783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.31224751472473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2580023407936096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109026120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369099","display_name":"Slot antenna","level":4,"score":0.20945468544960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09798291325569153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09533628821372986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2903198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2903198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08660677.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b654f280900540f5aed94b0edc460675","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b654f280900540f5aed94b0edc460675","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 31207-31217 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2903198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2903198","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08660677.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4732419082","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61404130402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325551","funder_display_name":"National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G681689530","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61404130402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7818160381","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1637212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325551","funder_display_name":"National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7832307708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61605177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7963340897","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61605177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325551","funder_display_name":"National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8660136967","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8704053133","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1637212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316907","display_name":"Yuncheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt1g669"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325551","display_name":"National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2919027935.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2919027935.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499610677","https://openalex.org/W1526635328","https://openalex.org/W1595367758","https://openalex.org/W1983647929","https://openalex.org/W1984337703","https://openalex.org/W1998100306","https://openalex.org/W2002601413","https://openalex.org/W2023656232","https://openalex.org/W2029679016","https://openalex.org/W2043388088","https://openalex.org/W2070458072","https://openalex.org/W2090918868","https://openalex.org/W2124520296","https://openalex.org/W2133696204","https://openalex.org/W2146902124","https://openalex.org/W2151831453","https://openalex.org/W2153958436","https://openalex.org/W2165337314","https://openalex.org/W2337135240","https://openalex.org/W2340269637","https://openalex.org/W2340532494","https://openalex.org/W2470335012","https://openalex.org/W2511642541","https://openalex.org/W2613813056","https://openalex.org/W2625089880","https://openalex.org/W2765310689","https://openalex.org/W2895733428","https://openalex.org/W3114863809","https://openalex.org/W4205279868","https://openalex.org/W6787302134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970091689","https://openalex.org/W2376970464","https://openalex.org/W2168543882","https://openalex.org/W2527047722","https://openalex.org/W4311170580","https://openalex.org/W2121065671","https://openalex.org/W2377097754","https://openalex.org/W2986986967","https://openalex.org/W1975748825","https://openalex.org/W2054901590"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposed":[2],"an":[3,109,195],"integrated":[4],"conical":[5,34,48],"conformal":[6],"array":[7],"antenna":[8],"(CCAA)":[9],"for":[10,52],"versatile":[11],"application":[12],"to":[13,87,113],"the":[14,33,47,53,58,83,89,93,130,145,148,151,171,174,179,192,205,219,225,229],"unmanned":[15],"aerial":[16],"vehicles.":[17],"The":[18,50,162,208],"CCAA":[19],"consists":[20],"of":[21,57,92,103,124,139,150,178,191,210,214,228],"five":[22],"flexible":[23],"linear":[24,59],"gradient":[25,60],"subarrays":[26],"with":[27,40,108,118,147,181],"a":[28,41,115,119,182,201,211],"uniform":[29,202],"circumferential":[30,141,231],"arrangement":[31],"around":[32],"surface.":[35],"It":[36],"is":[37],"also":[38],"embedded":[39],"pyramid":[42],"reflective":[43],"back-cavity":[44],"(PRBC)":[45],"within":[46],"carrier.":[49],"implementation":[51],"three":[54,140,230],"different":[55],"elements":[56,180,190],"subarray":[61,193],"toward":[62],"impedance":[63],"match":[64],"and":[65,70,80,155,199,218],"high":[66],"isolation":[67],"was":[68,78,85,105],"investigated,":[69],"their":[71],"identity":[72,196],"resonant":[73,197],"frequency":[74,198],"(9.8":[75],"GHz)":[76],"principle":[77],"developed":[79],"demonstrated.":[81],"Furthermore,":[82],"PRBC":[84],"presented":[86],"improve":[88],"radiation":[90],"null":[91],"elements.":[94],"A":[95],"numerical":[96],"5-bit":[97],"phase":[98,101,153],"shifter":[99,154],"manipulating":[100],"difference":[102],"72\u00b0":[104],"then":[106],"combined":[107],"8-way":[110],"power":[111,121,156],"divider":[112,157],"obtain":[114],"fixed":[116],"beam":[117],"half":[120],"bandwidth":[122],"(HPBW)":[123],"less":[125,215],"than":[126,216],"24\u00b0,":[127],"which":[128],"indicated":[129],"backward":[131,237],"endfire":[132,226],"direction":[133,227],"(\u03b8":[134],"=":[135],"180\u00b0)":[136],"in":[137,170,204,224,236],"terms":[138],"arrays":[142,232],"(R#X).":[143],"Finally,":[144],"measurements":[146,209],"aid":[149],"designed":[152],"(model":[158],"SHPDW4-040140S)":[159],"were":[160],"conducted.":[161],"experimental":[163],"results":[164],"show":[165,233],"one":[166],"omnidirectional":[167],"coverage":[168],"(360\u00b0)":[169],"H-plane":[172],"through":[173],"switching":[175],"working":[176],"mode":[177],"wide":[183],"scanning":[184],"solid":[185],"angle":[186],"(\u226572\u00b0)":[187],"when":[188],"these":[189],"hold":[194],"exhibit":[200],"performance":[203],"point-to-point":[206],"communication.":[207],"narrow":[212],"HPBW":[213],"27.5\u00b0":[217],"gain":[220],"over":[221],"10.7":[222],"dBi":[223],"great":[234],"potential":[235],"blind":[238],"space":[239],"detection":[240],"simultaneously.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
