{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127270326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.476504","title":"A formal characterization of epsilon serializability","display_name":"A formal characterization of epsilon serializability","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127270326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.476504","mag":"2127270326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/69.476504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.476504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d89p38sg","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047920922","display_name":"Krithi Ramamritham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2181-0526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. Ramamritham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081442372","display_name":"Calton Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-8987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129871486","display_name":"Oregon Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03c36x865","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129871486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Pu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Beaverton, OR, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Beaverton, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129871486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047920922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":116,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97814807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"6","first_page":"997","last_page":"1007"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8529648780822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serializability","display_name":"Serializability","score":0.7901135683059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-phase-locking","display_name":"Two-phase locking","score":0.6829957365989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6145085096359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4349689185619354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-optimization","display_name":"Query optimization","score":0.42214539647102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.40811091661453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.37405267357826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.2708556056022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-processing","display_name":"Transaction processing","score":0.20151549577713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.18282726407051086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09080049395561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-transaction-processing","display_name":"Online transaction processing","score":0.07218849658966064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8529648780822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191558696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137712","display_name":"Serializability","level":5,"score":0.7901135683059692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131346163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2290484","display_name":"Two-phase locking","level":5,"score":0.6829957365989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6145085096359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4349689185619354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157692150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919848","display_name":"Query optimization","level":2,"score":0.42214539647102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.40811091661453247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.37405267357826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2708556056022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72108876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844565","display_name":"Transaction processing","level":3,"score":0.20151549577713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.18282726407051086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09080049395561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191087605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501395","display_name":"Online transaction processing","level":4,"score":0.07218849658966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25185021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4053284","display_name":"Distributed transaction","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/69.476504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.476504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.40.2104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.40.2104","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-ccs.cs.umass.edu/db/publications/esr.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.57.457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.57.457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~library/TR-repository/reports/reports-1991/cucs-044-91.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.944.8553","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.944.8553","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/download/fedora_content/download/ac%3A145432/CONTENT/cucs-044-91.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:academiccommons.columbia.edu:10.7916/D89P38SG","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D89P38SG","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Reports"},{"id":"doi:10.7916/d89p38sg","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d89p38sg","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7916/d89p38sg","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7916/d89p38sg","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402601","display_name":"Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","host_organization_name":"Columbia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W177876518","https://openalex.org/W1525343879","https://openalex.org/W1545231995","https://openalex.org/W1559896221","https://openalex.org/W1562621314","https://openalex.org/W1605721193","https://openalex.org/W1638372782","https://openalex.org/W1866700874","https://openalex.org/W1875356769","https://openalex.org/W1975637639","https://openalex.org/W1986523862","https://openalex.org/W1986925088","https://openalex.org/W1992503234","https://openalex.org/W2005099092","https://openalex.org/W2010042648","https://openalex.org/W2030689196","https://openalex.org/W2031374177","https://openalex.org/W2087503040","https://openalex.org/W2089225035","https://openalex.org/W2097394356","https://openalex.org/W2104464524","https://openalex.org/W2109550003","https://openalex.org/W2117780839","https://openalex.org/W2124782390","https://openalex.org/W2126356880","https://openalex.org/W2127484584","https://openalex.org/W2133088444","https://openalex.org/W2146358055","https://openalex.org/W2154837369","https://openalex.org/W4248011994","https://openalex.org/W6631316142","https://openalex.org/W6633681709","https://openalex.org/W6636791694","https://openalex.org/W6676315369","https://openalex.org/W6677557503","https://openalex.org/W6679775698","https://openalex.org/W6681853166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559896221","https://openalex.org/W39916850","https://openalex.org/W2256562532","https://openalex.org/W3145650013","https://openalex.org/W3021685032","https://openalex.org/W2133135975","https://openalex.org/W1932216999","https://openalex.org/W2803062029","https://openalex.org/W1980289008","https://openalex.org/W2050556407"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epsilon":[0],"serializability":[1,8,88],"(ESR)":[2],"is":[3,36,55,89,184],"a":[4,15,56,101,106,115,155,165],"generalization":[5,57],"of":[6,18,41,46,58,98,114,154,177,181,187,190,198,201,207],"classic":[7],"(SR).":[9],"In":[10],"this":[11,182],"paper,":[12],"we":[13,65],"provide":[14],"precise":[16],"characterization":[17],"ESR":[19,52,75],"when":[20],"queries":[21,42,191],"that":[22,71,78,147],"may":[23],"view":[24],"inconsistent":[25],"data":[26,102,172,202],"run":[27],"concurrently":[28],"with":[29,136,168],"consistent":[30],"update":[31],"transactions.":[32],"Our":[33],"first":[34],"goal":[35],"to":[37,49,82,129,143,150,195],"understand":[38],"the":[39,44,62,68,83,96,112,131,139,145,158,169,178,185,199,205,208],"behavior":[40],"in":[43,53,85,127,160],"presence":[45],"conflicts":[47,70],"and":[48,76,108,157],"show":[50],"how":[51],"fact":[54],"SR.":[59],"So,":[60],"using":[61],"ACTA":[63],"framework,":[64],"formally":[66],"express":[67],"intertransaction":[69],"are":[72,93,141],"recognized":[73],"by":[74,105,124,174],"through":[77],"define":[79],"ESR,":[80],"analogous":[81],"manner":[84],"which":[86,192],"conflict-based":[87],"defined.":[90],"Secondly,":[91],"expressions":[92,140],"derived":[94],"for":[95],"amount":[97],"inconsistency":[99,203],"(in":[100],"item)":[103],"viewed":[104,173],"query":[107,166],"its":[109],"effects":[110,200],"on":[111,163,204],"results":[113,153,206],"query.":[116,209],"These":[117],"inconsistencies":[118,132],"arise":[119],"from":[120],"concurrent":[121],"updates":[122],"allowed":[123],"ESR.":[125],"Thirdly,":[126],"order":[128],"maintain":[130],"within":[133],"bounds":[134],"associated":[135],"each":[137],"query,":[138,156],"used":[142],"determine":[144],"preconditions":[146],"operations":[148],"have":[149],"satisfy.":[151],"The":[152],"errors":[159],"it,":[161],"depend":[162],"what":[164],"does":[167],"(possibly":[170],"inconsistent)":[171],"it.":[175],"One":[176],"important":[179],"byproducts":[180],"work":[183],"identification":[186],"different":[188],"types":[189],"lend":[193],"themselves":[194],"an":[196],"analysis":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
