{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016743697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wts.2012.6266082","title":"Effect of path loss model on received signal: Using Greater Accra, Ghana as case study","display_name":"Effect of path loss model on received signal: Using Greater Accra, Ghana as case study","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016743697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wts.2012.6266082","mag":"2016743697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wts.2012.6266082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wts.2012.6266082","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Telecommunications Symposium 2012","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067565840","display_name":"K. A. Dotche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5945-0036"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28046988","display_name":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb23x68","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. A. Dotche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana","Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kumasi, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043322421","display_name":"K. Diawuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8917-8053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28046988","display_name":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb23x68","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Diawuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana","Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kumasi, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064259424","display_name":"Willie K. Ofosu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-0600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160003610","display_name":"Wilkes University","ror":"https://ror.org/054nntz49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160003610"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. K. Ofosu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Technology, Penn State Wilkes-Barre, Lehman, PA, USA","Penn State Wilkes-Barre, Electrical Engineering Technology, Lehman, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Technology, Penn State Wilkes-Barre, Lehman, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160003610","https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Penn State Wilkes-Barre, Electrical Engineering Technology, Lehman, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160003610","https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08646373,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.7639876008033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.595843493938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5443342328071594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5412225127220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cdma2000","display_name":"CDMA2000","score":0.46534833312034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.45559927821159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation","display_name":"Radio propagation","score":0.4270555377006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.42017924785614014}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.7639876008033752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.595843493938446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5443342328071594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5412225127220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39183613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1023122","display_name":"CDMA2000","level":3,"score":0.46534833312034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.45559927821159363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.4270555377006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.42017924785614014}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wts.2012.6266082","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wts.2012.6266082","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wireless Telecommunications Symposium 2012","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1614430309","https://openalex.org/W2048265106","https://openalex.org/W2054097797","https://openalex.org/W2054405892","https://openalex.org/W2062199996","https://openalex.org/W2105013331","https://openalex.org/W2150614634","https://openalex.org/W2325338364","https://openalex.org/W2502759836","https://openalex.org/W3023383796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2092349148","https://openalex.org/W2214790880","https://openalex.org/W3205324984","https://openalex.org/W2624760132","https://openalex.org/W2066754053","https://openalex.org/W1523481740","https://openalex.org/W4210686141","https://openalex.org/W1957191094","https://openalex.org/W4295932674","https://openalex.org/W1713446845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Globalization":[0],"has":[1,214],"been":[2,215],"greatly":[3,158],"supported":[4],"by":[5,44],"wireless":[6,30,77],"applications":[7,31],"and":[8,79,96,188,246,257,270,277],"as":[9,55,94,255],"a":[10,27,51,68,132,200,266],"result,":[11],"African":[12],"countries":[13],"have":[14,32,146,278,281],"connectivity":[15],"to":[16,34,104,110,153,234],"other":[17],"parts":[18],"of":[19,74,89,98,134,141,148,228,290,292],"the":[20,42,72,87,112,115,137,165,192,235,251,287],"world":[21],"through":[22,114],"satellite":[23],"for":[24,70,224,250],"instance.":[25],"On":[26],"national":[28],"level,":[29],"proved":[33],"be":[35,41,48,82],"invaluable":[36],"where":[37,121,143,155],"mobile":[38,57],"services":[39,58],"can":[40,47,81],"means":[43,69],"which":[45,168],"lives":[46],"saved.":[49],"In":[50],"developing":[52],"country":[53],"such":[54,93,122,254],"Ghana,":[56],"are":[59,67,124,272],"used":[60,171],"not":[61],"only":[62],"in":[63,119,126,136,172,176,199,212,242,260,284],"entrepreneurial":[64],"activities,":[65],"but":[66],"enhancing":[71],"quality":[73],"life.":[75],"Whereas":[76],"transmitters":[78],"receivers":[80],"designed":[83],"based":[84],"on":[85,182],"specifications,":[86],"structures":[88,147],"buildings":[90,279],"considering":[91],"parameters":[92],"height":[95,285],"slopes":[97],"roofs":[99],"vary":[100],"considerably":[101],"from":[102,196],"place":[103],"place.":[105],"It":[106],"therefore":[107],"becomes":[108],"imperative":[109],"evaluate":[111],"propagation":[113,135],"radio":[116],"space":[117],"particularly":[118,175],"places":[120],"differences":[123],"observed":[125],"close":[127,152,233],"proximity.":[128],"This":[129],"paper":[130],"presents":[131],"study":[133,161,181],"Greater":[138,261],"Accra":[139,262],"region":[140,264],"Ghana":[142,213],"some":[144],"sections":[145],"relatively":[149],"similar":[150],"heights":[151,157],"areas":[154,249,253],"building":[156],"vary.":[159],"The":[160,218],"is":[162,169,232],"done":[163],"employing":[164],"Hata-Okumura":[166,186,222,238],"model":[167],"widely":[170],"telecommunications":[173],"industry,":[174],"West":[177],"Africa.":[178],"A":[179],"comparative":[180],"path":[183],"loss":[184],"between":[185],"model,":[187],"measurement":[189,236],"data":[190],"using":[191],"received":[193],"power":[194],"obtained":[195],"Base":[197],"station":[198],"Code":[201],"Division":[202],"Multiple":[203],"Access-2000":[204],"(CDMA2000":[205],"<sup":[206],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[207],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u00ae</sup>":[208],")":[209],"cellular":[210],"network":[211],"carried":[216],"out.":[217],"analysis":[219],"shows":[220],"that":[221,280],"prediction":[223,239],"suburban":[225,288],"area":[226,289],"(University":[227],"Ghana)":[229],"response":[230],"achieved":[231],"plot.":[237],"models":[240],"applied":[241],"urban":[243],"(medium":[244],"city)":[245],"rural":[247],"(open)":[248],"selected":[252],"Osu":[256,269],"Tema":[258,271],"respectively":[259],"(GA)":[263],"show":[265],"little":[267],"agreement.":[268],"each":[273],"more":[274,282],"densely":[275],"populated":[276],"variation":[283],"than":[286],"University":[291],"Ghana.":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
