{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114962442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc48552.2020.9384057","title":"Work Smarter, Not Harder: A Tutorial on Designing and Conducting Simulation Experiments","display_name":"Work Smarter, Not Harder: A Tutorial on Designing and Conducting Simulation Experiments","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114962442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc48552.2020.9384057","mag":"2114962442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc48552.2020.9384057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc48552.2020.9384057","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101457486","display_name":"Susan M. Sanchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1976-3409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan M. Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School,Operations Research Department,Monterey,CA,USA,93943"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School,Operations Research Department,Monterey,CA,USA,93943","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104349413","display_name":"Paul J. S\u00e1nchez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35364215","display_name":"Naval Postgraduate School","ror":"https://ror.org/033yfkj90","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul J. Sanchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Naval Postgraduate School,Operations Research Department,Monterey,CA,USA,93943"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naval Postgraduate School,Operations Research Department,Monterey,CA,USA,93943","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35364215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102761498","display_name":"Hong Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2017-4871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University,Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA,27607"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University,Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering,Raleigh,NC,USA,27607","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8527,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9523485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1128","last_page":"1142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9858999848365784,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7743371725082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation-modeling","display_name":"Simulation modeling","score":0.49896979331970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.47322121262550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.46399185061454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modeling-and-simulation","display_name":"Modeling and simulation","score":0.4299378991127014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.39037463068962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3865359425544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.28778523206710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11817824840545654}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7743371725082397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108215451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7263963","display_name":"Simulation modeling","level":2,"score":0.49896979331970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47322121262550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.46399185061454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167343916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888384","display_name":"Modeling and simulation","level":2,"score":0.4299378991127014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.39037463068962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3865359425544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.28778523206710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11817824840545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc48552.2020.9384057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc48552.2020.9384057","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W633120266","https://openalex.org/W812630911","https://openalex.org/W1487010959","https://openalex.org/W1572672296","https://openalex.org/W1864969757","https://openalex.org/W1956520347","https://openalex.org/W1964725368","https://openalex.org/W1968851623","https://openalex.org/W1982039236","https://openalex.org/W1993934821","https://openalex.org/W2001331635","https://openalex.org/W2009713937","https://openalex.org/W2016994443","https://openalex.org/W2018044188","https://openalex.org/W2025130245","https://openalex.org/W2053934160","https://openalex.org/W2058849554","https://openalex.org/W2070596485","https://openalex.org/W2080500220","https://openalex.org/W2108823021","https://openalex.org/W2114236220","https://openalex.org/W2118479559","https://openalex.org/W2119886696","https://openalex.org/W2122362394","https://openalex.org/W2138790987","https://openalex.org/W2140481308","https://openalex.org/W2142449924","https://openalex.org/W2147360967","https://openalex.org/W2148080122","https://openalex.org/W2151554105","https://openalex.org/W2155659555","https://openalex.org/W2159821623","https://openalex.org/W2167574967","https://openalex.org/W2170177136","https://openalex.org/W2171083234","https://openalex.org/W2171314522","https://openalex.org/W2237440835","https://openalex.org/W2477003322","https://openalex.org/W2519881875","https://openalex.org/W2557449628","https://openalex.org/W2599714960","https://openalex.org/W2621378850","https://openalex.org/W2729141019","https://openalex.org/W2745431423","https://openalex.org/W2762885872","https://openalex.org/W2764576520","https://openalex.org/W2798231843","https://openalex.org/W2901661947","https://openalex.org/W3121339476","https://openalex.org/W3142114771","https://openalex.org/W3142929672","https://openalex.org/W3146448605","https://openalex.org/W3146491291","https://openalex.org/W3148623236","https://openalex.org/W4231268542","https://openalex.org/W4231567317","https://openalex.org/W4239537689","https://openalex.org/W4243765603","https://openalex.org/W4244973877","https://openalex.org/W4249753629"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2188191905","https://openalex.org/W2356939368","https://openalex.org/W2376060232","https://openalex.org/W2887246461","https://openalex.org/W2064426819","https://openalex.org/W120587663","https://openalex.org/W2390909022","https://openalex.org/W2369700222","https://openalex.org/W2380126285","https://openalex.org/W2114698348"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Simulation":[0],"models":[1,19,61],"are":[2],"integral":[3],"to":[4,21,63,79,90,116,122,136],"modern":[5],"scientific":[6],"research,":[7],"national":[8],"defense,":[9],"industry":[10],"and":[11,13,30,42,76,109,113],"manufacturing,":[12],"in":[14,66,88],"public":[15],"policy":[16],"debates.":[17],"These":[18],"tend":[20],"be":[22,64,80],"extremely":[23],"complex,":[24],"often":[25],"with":[26],"thousands":[27],"of":[28,33,39,52,82,85,129],"factors":[29,41],"many":[31,58],"sources":[32],"uncertainty.":[34],"To":[35],"understand":[36],"the":[37,83,92,103],"impact":[38],"these":[40],"their":[43,95],"interactions":[44],"on":[45],"model":[46],"outcomes":[47],"requires":[48],"efficient,":[49],"high-dimensional":[50],"design":[51],"experiments.":[53],"Unfortunately,":[54],"all":[55],"too":[56],"often,":[57],"large-scale":[59],"simulation":[60,74,96,111,140,143],"continue":[62],"explored":[65],"ad":[67],"hoc":[68],"ways.":[69],"This":[70,125],"suggests":[71],"that":[72],"more":[73],"researchers":[75],"practitioners":[77],"need":[78],"aware":[81],"power":[84],"designed":[86],"experiments":[87],"order":[89],"get":[91],"most":[93],"from":[94],"studies.":[97],"In":[98],"this":[99],"tutorial,":[100],"we":[101],"demonstrate":[102],"basic":[104],"concepts":[105],"important":[106],"for":[107,119],"designing":[108],"conducting":[110],"experiments,":[112],"provide":[114],"references":[115],"other":[117],"resources":[118],"those":[120],"wishing":[121],"learn":[123],"more.":[124],"tutorial":[126],"(an":[127],"update":[128],"previous":[130],"WSC":[131],"tutorials)":[132],"will":[133],"prepare":[134],"you":[135],"make":[137],"your":[138],"next":[139],"study":[141],"a":[142],"experiment.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}