{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3144817060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2011.6147788","title":"Rethinking the initialization bias problem in steady-state discrete event simulation","display_name":"Rethinking the initialization bias problem in steady-state discrete event simulation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3144817060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2011.6147788","mag":"3144817060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc.2011.6147788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2011.6147788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2011 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025740421","display_name":"Winfried K. Grassmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1446-4020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Winfried Grassmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SAS, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SAS, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025740421"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83533768,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"593","last_page":"599"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10974","display_name":"Advanced Queuing Theory Analysis","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11720","display_name":"Probability and Risk Models","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.8811426758766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterintuitive","display_name":"Counterintuitive","score":0.6821537017822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6735528707504272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-event-simulation","display_name":"Discrete event simulation","score":0.635026216506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.6144863963127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steady-state","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","score":0.6052981019020081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transient","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","score":0.5989416241645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.560916543006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-simulation","display_name":"Computer simulation","score":0.44202956557273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.41402584314346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.3530922532081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31129926443099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2873588800430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.25879204273223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1351557970046997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.8811426758766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5176983","display_name":"Counterintuitive","level":2,"score":0.6821537017822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6735528707504272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147203929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574814","display_name":"Discrete event simulation","level":2,"score":0.635026216506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.6144863963127136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8171440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903414","display_name":"Steady state (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6052981019020081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5989416241645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.560916543006897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.44202956557273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.41402584314346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3530922532081604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31129926443099976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2873588800430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.25879204273223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1351557970046997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc.2011.6147788","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2011.6147788","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2011 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.416.6297","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.416.6297","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.informs-sim.org/wsc11papers/053.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1602266749","https://openalex.org/W1651408486","https://openalex.org/W1972316579","https://openalex.org/W1979693658","https://openalex.org/W1980005324","https://openalex.org/W1991883018","https://openalex.org/W2008747925","https://openalex.org/W2025173741","https://openalex.org/W2040192271","https://openalex.org/W2043812519","https://openalex.org/W2061086504","https://openalex.org/W2071661432","https://openalex.org/W2089897750","https://openalex.org/W2103715800","https://openalex.org/W2127574997","https://openalex.org/W2148302809","https://openalex.org/W2151997354","https://openalex.org/W2170154839","https://openalex.org/W3144659568","https://openalex.org/W4211042066","https://openalex.org/W4232535900","https://openalex.org/W4240744922","https://openalex.org/W4246970543","https://openalex.org/W6609257831","https://openalex.org/W6648436016","https://openalex.org/W6677223747","https://openalex.org/W6776550145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2809491669","https://openalex.org/W3005839474","https://openalex.org/W4379988549","https://openalex.org/W2139510495","https://openalex.org/W2016376779","https://openalex.org/W1992379025","https://openalex.org/W2768389068","https://openalex.org/W2403993643","https://openalex.org/W2118007841","https://openalex.org/W2765705957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"state":[1],"in":[2,73],"which":[3,90],"a":[4,35],"discrete":[5,52],"event":[6,53],"simulation":[7,19],"is":[8,32,39,91],"started":[9],"causes":[10],"the":[11,18,28,46,74,83,87,104],"estimators":[12],"for":[13,50],"equilibrium":[14],"measures":[15],"obtained":[16],"from":[17],"to":[20,24],"be":[21,119],"biased,":[22],"and":[23],"reduce":[25],"this":[26,42,57],"bias,":[27],"collection":[29],"of":[30,86,97,99],"data":[31],"delayed":[33],"until":[34],"so-called":[36],"warm-up":[37,48,88,113],"period":[38],"completed.":[40],"In":[41],"paper,":[43],"we":[44],"determine":[45],"optimal":[47,84],"periods":[49],"steady-state":[51],"simulations.":[54],"We":[55,70],"do":[56],"by":[58],"using":[59,67],"deterministic":[60],"numerical":[61],"methods,":[62],"that":[63,72],"is,":[64],"methods":[65],"not":[66],"random":[68],"numbers.":[69],"found":[71],"systems":[75],"investigated,":[76],"transient":[77],"expectations":[78],"give":[79],"no":[80],"indication":[81],"regarding":[82],"length":[85],"periods,":[89],"counterintuitive.":[92],"This":[93],"requires":[94],"some":[95,98],"re-evaluation":[96],"commonly":[100],"held":[101],"opinions":[102],"about":[103],"factors":[105,116],"one":[106],"should":[107],"take":[108],"into":[109],"account":[110],"when":[111],"determining":[112],"periods.":[114],"Such":[115],"will":[117],"also":[118],"discussed.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}