{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101672310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2003.1261454","title":"Efficient simulation of the National Airspace System","display_name":"Efficient simulation of the National Airspace System","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101672310","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2003.1261454","mag":"2101672310"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc.2003.1261454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2003.1261454","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (IEEE Cat. No.03EX693)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025965169","display_name":"John Shortle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9856-0820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J.F. Shortle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Engineering & Operations Research, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Engineering & Operations Research, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001102227","display_name":"Donald Gross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-4092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Gross","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical & Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074618910","display_name":"Brian L. Mark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4030-5592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.L. Mark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical & Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025965169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17974779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"441","last_page":"448"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.831373929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7835502624511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.7627179622650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.701846182346344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layered-queueing-network","display_name":"Layered queueing network","score":0.6041236519813538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.5812259912490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-airspace-system","display_name":"National Airspace System","score":0.5472388863563538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4788539409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4641702175140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.438951700925827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.4276025891304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.38671913743019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3589945137500763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.31599029898643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-traffic-control","display_name":"Air traffic control","score":0.15682852268218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13945713639259338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.0930282473564148}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.831373929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7835502624511719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7627179622650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.701846182346344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33891772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505536","display_name":"Layered queueing network","level":3,"score":0.6041236519813538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.5812259912490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780722376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6970266","display_name":"National Airspace System","level":3,"score":0.5472388863563538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4788539409637451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4641702175140381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.438951700925827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4276025891304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.38671913743019104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3589945137500763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.31599029898643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.15682852268218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13945713639259338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0930282473564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsc.2003.1261454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsc.2003.1261454","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (IEEE Cat. No.03EX693)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78171367","https://openalex.org/W1882807670","https://openalex.org/W1939573755","https://openalex.org/W2008075858","https://openalex.org/W2040592489","https://openalex.org/W2147837310","https://openalex.org/W2152530926","https://openalex.org/W2186927638","https://openalex.org/W2189462829","https://openalex.org/W4247570160","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302593574","https://openalex.org/W6639174995","https://openalex.org/W6640370557","https://openalex.org/W6686985782","https://openalex.org/W6723152695"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1701464461","https://openalex.org/W2168047232","https://openalex.org/W2121863833","https://openalex.org/W2137668347","https://openalex.org/W2299822401","https://openalex.org/W1977970311","https://openalex.org/W2149540948","https://openalex.org/W36834199","https://openalex.org/W2170282368","https://openalex.org/W1556477456"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,82],"National":[1],"Airspace":[2],"System":[3],"(NAS)":[4],"is":[5,52,84],"a":[6,61,65,72,100],"large":[7,138],"and":[8,110],"complicated":[9],"system.":[10],"Detailed":[11],"simulation":[12,48,131],"models":[13],"of":[14,43,54,86,95],"the":[15,41,76,105,113,127,135],"NAS":[16],"are":[17,97],"generally":[18],"quite":[19],"slow,":[20],"so":[21,68],"it":[22],"can":[23],"be":[24],"difficult":[25],"to":[26,46],"obtain":[27],"statistically":[28],"valid":[29],"samples":[30],"from":[31],"such":[32,44],"models.":[33],"This":[34],"paper":[35],"presents":[36],"two":[37],"methods":[38,106,136],"for":[39,126],"reducing":[40],"complexity":[42],"networks":[45,109],"improve":[47],"time.":[49,81],"One":[50],"method":[51],"removal":[53,85],"low-utilization":[55],"queues":[56],"-":[57,90],"that":[58,69,91,112],"is,":[59,92],"replacing":[60],"queueing":[62,80],"node":[63,77],"with":[64],"delay":[66],"node,":[67],"airplanes":[70],"experience":[71],"service":[73],"time":[74,132],"at":[75],"but":[78],"no":[79],"other":[83],"nodes":[87,96],"by":[88],"clustering":[89],"where":[93],"groups":[94],"collapsed":[98],"into":[99],"single":[101],"node.":[102],"We":[103,122],"employ":[104],"on":[107,137],"simple":[108],"show":[111],"reductions":[114],"yield":[115],"very":[116],"little":[117],"loss":[118],"in":[119,130],"modeling":[120],"accuracy.":[121],"provide":[123],"some":[124],"estimates":[125],"potential":[128],"speedup":[129],"when":[133],"using":[134],"networks.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-25T21:11:00.739837","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
