{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2092877250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsa.2012.6181190","title":"3D beamforming trials with an active antenna array","display_name":"3D beamforming trials with an active antenna array","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2092877250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsa.2012.6181190","mag":"2092877250"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsa.2012.6181190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsa.2012.6181190","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065862491","display_name":"Johannes Koppenborg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Koppenborg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023095450","display_name":"Hardy Halbauer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hardy Halbauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086409699","display_name":"Stephan Saur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-0003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Saur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091757276","display_name":"Cornelis Hoek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322087612","display_name":"Alcatel Lucent (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00c5mwp75","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cornelis Hoek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Alcatel-Lucent, Bell Laboratories, Stuttgart, Germany]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065862491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322087612","https://openalex.org/I72090969"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":33.3949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":87,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99814943,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"110","last_page":"114"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.90982586145401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.6307615637779236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6056473255157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5870070457458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-beamformer","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","score":0.5285664200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-steering","display_name":"Beam steering","score":0.4941733181476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.48484647274017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4795491397380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.47918403148651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.47397488355636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.4658433198928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wsdma","display_name":"WSDMA","score":0.4613296091556549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-antenna","display_name":"Smart antenna","score":0.45407307147979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.42509031295776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.4116230905056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36508721113204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.2649517059326172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2213020622730255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.16767612099647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.1536494791507721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14115071296691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0740801990032196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06187048554420471}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.90982586145401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.6307615637779236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6056473255157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5870070457458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33378366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680719","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","level":3,"score":0.5285664200782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.4941733181476593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.48484647274017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4795491397380829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.47918403148651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.47397488355636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.4658433198928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57466844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7955559","display_name":"WSDMA","level":5,"score":0.4613296091556549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.45407307147979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.42509031295776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4116230905056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36508721113204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.2649517059326172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2213020622730255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.16767612099647522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.1536494791507721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14115071296691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0740801990032196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06187048554420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wsa.2012.6181190","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wsa.2012.6181190","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338370","display_name":"FP7 Information and Communication Technologies","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993051364","https://openalex.org/W2129943291"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2535726480","https://openalex.org/W1541517973","https://openalex.org/W2897742851","https://openalex.org/W804926679","https://openalex.org/W2588141052","https://openalex.org/W2611265354","https://openalex.org/W4385625101","https://openalex.org/W2048853668","https://openalex.org/W2369732138","https://openalex.org/W2770349825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Beamforming":[0],"techniques":[1],"for":[2,13,80,91],"mobile":[3],"wireless":[4],"communication":[5],"systems":[6],"like":[7],"LTE":[8],"using":[9],"multiple":[10],"antenna":[11],"arrays":[12],"transmission":[14],"and":[15,99,126,130],"reception":[16],"to":[17,35,49,107],"increase":[18],"the":[19,26,40,43,54,60,65,70,74,112,119],"signal-to-noise-and-interference":[20],"ratio":[21],"(SINR)":[22],"are":[23],"state":[24],"of":[25,42,53,57,89,118,121],"art.":[27],"The":[28],"increased":[29],"SINR":[30],"is":[31,104],"not":[32,68],"only":[33,69],"due":[34,48],"a":[36,50],"larger":[37],"gain":[38],"in":[39,59,111],"direction":[41],"desired":[44],"user,":[45],"but":[46,72],"also":[47,73,105],"better":[51],"control":[52],"spatial":[55],"distribution":[56],"interference":[58,92],"cell.":[61],"To":[62],"further":[63],"enhance":[64],"system":[66],"performance":[67,133],"horizontal,":[71],"vertical":[75,100],"dimension":[76],"can":[77],"be":[78],"exploited":[79],"beam":[81,101],"pattern":[82,102],"adaptation,":[83],"thus":[84],"giving":[85],"an":[86],"additional":[87],"degree":[88],"freedom":[90],"avoidance":[93],"among":[94],"adjacent":[95],"cells.":[96],"This":[97,114],"horizontal":[98],"adaptation":[103],"referred":[106],"as":[108],"3D":[109,122],"beamforming":[110,123],"following.":[113],"paper":[115],"describes":[116],"investigations":[117],"potential":[120],"with":[124],"lab":[125],"field":[127],"trial":[128],"setups":[129],"provides":[131],"initial":[132],"results.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
