{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407248138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc63271.2024.10863521","title":"Pre-Harvest to Post-Harvest: A Review of AI and IoT Applications in Smart Agriculture and the Prospects of 6G-Enabled IoT Framework","display_name":"Pre-Harvest to Post-Harvest: A Review of AI and IoT Applications in Smart Agriculture and the Prospects of 6G-Enabled IoT Framework","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407248138","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc63271.2024.10863521"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wpmc63271.2024.10863521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc63271.2024.10863521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 27th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013171849","display_name":"Amit Bhola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1339-520X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74885063","display_name":"Sharda University","ror":"https://ror.org/03b6ffh07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amit Bhola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharda Univesity,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Greater Noida,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharda Univesity,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Greater Noida,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027641336","display_name":"Himanshu Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6429-754X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74885063","display_name":"Sharda University","ror":"https://ror.org/03b6ffh07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Himanshu Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharda Univesity,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Greater Noida,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharda Univesity,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Greater Noida,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015490193","display_name":"Anil Kumar Sagar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5991-2835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74885063","display_name":"Sharda University","ror":"https://ror.org/03b6ffh07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anil Kumar Sagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sharda Univesity,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Greater Noida,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sharda Univesity,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Greater Noida,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026462797","display_name":"Prabhat Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9945-7702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11793825","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Patna","ror":"https://ror.org/056wyhh33","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11793825","https://openalex.org/I4210152752"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabhat Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Patna,Bihar,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Technology,Dept. of Computer Science and Engg,Patna,Bihar,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11793825"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013171849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74885063"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0928,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30961879,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12894","display_name":"Date Palm Research Studies","score":0.9187999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.9203701019287109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.647981584072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5130185484886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.40044113993644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.25218456983566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12364259362220764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.9203701019287109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.647981584072113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5130185484886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.40044113993644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.25218456983566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12364259362220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wpmc63271.2024.10863521","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc63271.2024.10863521","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 27th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511445453","https://openalex.org/W2756308858","https://openalex.org/W2884478623","https://openalex.org/W2967553555","https://openalex.org/W3023612876","https://openalex.org/W3034261299","https://openalex.org/W3094539239","https://openalex.org/W3103770090","https://openalex.org/W3113522430","https://openalex.org/W3153242215","https://openalex.org/W3203515296","https://openalex.org/W3211926874","https://openalex.org/W4292348061","https://openalex.org/W4361794561","https://openalex.org/W4362564264","https://openalex.org/W4379385646","https://openalex.org/W4385413998","https://openalex.org/W4387680949","https://openalex.org/W4389592800","https://openalex.org/W4390543344","https://openalex.org/W4392016785","https://openalex.org/W4393155820","https://openalex.org/W4400321312","https://openalex.org/W4400851674","https://openalex.org/W4401232365","https://openalex.org/W6776351034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Farmers":[0],"are":[1,35],"increasingly":[2],"adopting":[3],"Smart":[4],"farming":[5,123],"worldwide,":[6],"leveraging":[7],"various":[8,157],"advanced":[9],"technologies.":[10],"Artificial":[11],"Intelligence":[12],"(AI)":[13],"is":[14],"instrumental":[15],"in":[16,41,95,114,156],"driving":[17],"the":[18,37,62,66,135,149],"evolution":[19],"of":[20,25,93],"smart":[21,122],"agriculture":[22],"applications.":[23],"Internet":[24],"Things":[26],"(IoT),":[27],"edge":[28],"computing,":[29,31],"cloud":[30],"and":[32,53,64,75,83,105,111,144],"big":[33],"data":[34],"among":[36,85],"forefront":[38],"technologies":[39],"employed":[40,113],"this":[42,142],"field.":[43],"Agricultural":[44],"activities":[45,79,94],"typically":[46],"encompass":[47],"three":[48],"phases:":[49],"pre-harvest,":[50],"during":[51],"harvest,":[52],"postharvest.":[54],"The":[55],"pre-harvest":[56],"phase":[57],"involves":[58],"choosing":[59],"seeds,":[60],"preparing":[61],"farm,":[63],"selecting":[65],"crops.":[67],"Harvesting":[68],"tasks":[69],"include":[70],"crop":[71],"classification,":[72],"disease":[73],"analysis,":[74],"pathogen":[76],"detection.":[77],"Post-harvesting":[78],"involve":[80],"storage,":[81],"cooling,":[82],"reaping,":[84],"others.":[86],"This":[87,117],"study":[88],"conducted":[89,137],"an":[90],"in-depth":[91],"review":[92],"each":[96],"phase,":[97],"aiming":[98],"at":[99],"shortcomings":[100],"related":[101],"to":[102],"AI-based":[103],"Machine":[104],"Deep":[106],"learning,":[107],"IoT,":[108],"security,":[109],"datasets,":[110],"methodologies":[112],"existing":[115,145],"research.":[116],"work":[118,136],"also":[119],"proposes":[120],"a":[121,138,152],"framework":[124],"based":[125],"on":[126],"6G":[127],"technology,":[128],"utilizing":[129],"these":[130],"identified":[131],"research":[132],"gaps.":[133],"Additionally,":[134],"comparative":[139],"analysis":[140],"between":[141],"survey":[143,150],"studies,":[146],"revealing":[147],"that":[148],"offers":[151],"more":[153],"comprehensive":[154],"overview":[155],"aspects.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
