{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118793142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc50192.2020.9309503","title":"A New 3D Beamforming Antenna Model for 5G Propagation Modeling based on Real Data","display_name":"A New 3D Beamforming Antenna Model for 5G Propagation Modeling based on Real Data","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118793142","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc50192.2020.9309503","mag":"3118793142"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wpmc50192.2020.9309503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc50192.2020.9309503","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 23rd International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032470534","display_name":"Ana Alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6626-4848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Alves","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051755335","display_name":"Marco Sousa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-170X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Sousa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","Consultoria em Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lda., CELFINET","Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultoria em Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lda., CELFINET","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081258184","display_name":"Pedro Vieira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0279-8741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203847022","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/04ea70f07","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Vieira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Superior de Engenharia Lisboa,Lisbon,Portugal","Instituto Superior de Engenharia Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia Lisboa,Lisbon,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067309569","display_name":"Maria Paula Queluz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-4022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. P. Queluz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079526906","display_name":"Ant\u00f3nio Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2115-7245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Lisbon,Instituto Superior Técnico,Lisbon,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055","https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4312,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81221172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8073070049285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.725663423538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6385918855667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.548577606678009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5006799697875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4591393768787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34676337242126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32639533281326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3230571746826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.174697607755661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.17397168278694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16111481189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1306411325931549}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8073070049285889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.725663423538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6385918855667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.548577606678009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5006799697875977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4591393768787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34676337242126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32639533281326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3230571746826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.174697607755661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17397168278694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16111481189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1306411325931549}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wpmc50192.2020.9309503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wpmc50192.2020.9309503","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 23rd International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062560768","https://openalex.org/W2069966210","https://openalex.org/W2105195872","https://openalex.org/W2119266139","https://openalex.org/W2155150176","https://openalex.org/W2165643129","https://openalex.org/W2739778833","https://openalex.org/W3098342240"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W1971477554","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W2130785056","https://openalex.org/W2567141277","https://openalex.org/W2132841313","https://openalex.org/W2727286692"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"evaluates":[2],"5thGeneration":[3],"(5G)":[4],"propagation":[5],"models":[6],"for":[7],"Outdoor":[8],"and":[9,19,25,41,61,115],"Outdoor-to-Indoor":[10],"(O2I)":[11],"transitions,":[12],"applying":[13],"them":[14],"to":[15,33,83,95],"an":[16,65],"open":[17],"area":[18],"a":[20,34,42,53,107,116],"Manhattan-like":[21],"scenarios,":[22],"at":[23,72],"3.5":[24],"28":[26,73],"GHz.":[27],"In":[28],"addition,":[29],"Line-of-Sight":[30],"(LOS)":[31],"condition":[32],"Base":[35],"Station":[36],"(BS)":[37],"is":[38,48],"assessed":[39],"deterministically,":[40],"novel":[43],"3D":[44,62],"beamforming":[45,63],"antenna":[46,60],"model":[47],"proposed.":[49],"The":[50,100],"use":[51],"of":[52,69,112,122],"massive":[54],"Multiple":[55,57],"Input":[56],"Output":[58],"(mMIMO)":[59],"allowed":[64],"average":[66],"peak":[67],"throughput":[68],"3.23":[70],"Gbps":[71],"GHz,":[74],"although":[75],"the":[76,104],"Inter-Site":[77],"Distance":[78],"(ISD)":[79],"must":[80],"be":[81],"shorter":[82],"ensure":[84],"seamless":[85],"coverage.":[86],"Moreover,":[87],"data":[88],"from":[89],"three":[90],"measurement":[91],"campaigns":[92],"were":[93],"employed":[94],"derive":[96],"two":[97],"calibrated":[98],"models.":[99],"results":[101],"show,":[102],"in":[103],"worst":[105],"case,":[106],"Mean":[108,118],"Absolute":[109],"Error":[110,120],"(MAE)":[111],"7.51":[113],"dB":[114],"Root":[117],"Squared":[119],"(RMSE)":[121],"9.17":[123],"dB.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}