{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3034214095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wocc48579.2020.9114948","title":"Rician K-Factor Estimation Using Deep Learning","display_name":"Rician K-Factor Estimation Using Deep Learning","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3034214095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wocc48579.2020.9114948","mag":"3034214095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wocc48579.2020.9114948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wocc48579.2020.9114948","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 29th Wireless and Optical Communications Conference (WOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063942642","display_name":"Mofadal Alymani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4830-6590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mofadal Alymani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016908221","display_name":"Mohsen H. Alhazmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5666-6165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen H. Alhazmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071305558","display_name":"Alhussain Almarhabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alhussain Almarhabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057772491","display_name":"Hatim Alhazmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatim Alhazmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042407812","display_name":"Abdullah Samarkandi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Samarkandi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021827481","display_name":"Yudong Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3868-0593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108468826","display_name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02z43xh36","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Dong Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063942642"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108468826"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9884,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89059035,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.976958692073822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6456029415130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.587359607219696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5075908899307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.47102269530296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3723554313182831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.319591760635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24492520093917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21618762612342834}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.976958692073822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6456029415130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.587359607219696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5075908899307251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.47102269530296326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3723554313182831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.319591760635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24492520093917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21618762612342834}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wocc48579.2020.9114948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wocc48579.2020.9114948","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 29th Wireless and Optical Communications Conference (WOCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W370143576","https://openalex.org/W1564840551","https://openalex.org/W2014296471","https://openalex.org/W2050950555","https://openalex.org/W2100044335","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2148143562","https://openalex.org/W2148638326","https://openalex.org/W2171853479","https://openalex.org/W2272847350","https://openalex.org/W2546083035","https://openalex.org/W2560036562","https://openalex.org/W2580817561","https://openalex.org/W2616108305","https://openalex.org/W2784064571","https://openalex.org/W2884089434","https://openalex.org/W2919264604","https://openalex.org/W2964909045","https://openalex.org/W2996232706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146680430","https://openalex.org/W2100999214","https://openalex.org/W1973317750","https://openalex.org/W1641214707","https://openalex.org/W2172055400","https://openalex.org/W2124796615","https://openalex.org/W2902575303","https://openalex.org/W1560491530","https://openalex.org/W2141180789","https://openalex.org/W2263624057"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wireless":[0],"communications":[1,58],"systems":[2],"design":[3,43],"and":[4,37,44,60],"its":[5,133],"performance":[6,45,135],"depend":[7],"on":[8],"the":[9,29,41,48,51,67,70,74,82,86,93,101,112,119,138,141],"wireless":[10,57],"fading":[11,30,35],"channels,":[12],"which":[13],"are":[14],"often":[15],"characterized":[16],"using":[17],"a":[18,33,63,78,123,127],"Rician":[19,23,34,52,64,120,128,142],"probability":[20],"function.":[21],"A":[22],"K-factor":[24,53,65,94,107,121,139],"is":[25,38,54,90],"used":[26,39,91],"to":[27,117],"describe":[28],"severity":[31],"in":[32,40,56,126,136],"channel":[36],"system":[42],"evaluation.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"estimation":[49,89],"of":[50,69,73,103,140],"important":[55],"research":[59],"development.":[61],"Traditionally,":[62],"equation,":[66],"statistics":[68],"instantaneous":[71],"frequency":[72],"received":[75],"signal":[76,125],"with":[77,85],"lookup":[79],"table,":[80],"or":[81],"James-Stein":[83],"estimator":[84],"maximum":[87],"likelihood":[88],"for":[92,106],"estimation.":[95,108],"In":[96],"this":[97],"paper,":[98],"we":[99,110],"explore":[100],"use":[102,111],"deep":[104],"learning":[105],"Specifically,":[109],"convolutional":[113],"neural":[114],"network":[115],"(CNN)":[116],"estimate":[118],"from":[122],"waveform":[124],"channel.":[129,143],"Numerical":[130],"results":[131],"demonstrate":[132],"good":[134],"estimating":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
