{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321488907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisnet56959.2023.10046224","title":"2D Imaging of a Drone Using a Millimeter-Wave Fast Chirp MIMO Radar Based on Khatri-Rao Product Virtual Array Processing","display_name":"2D Imaging of a Drone Using a Millimeter-Wave Fast Chirp MIMO Radar Based on Khatri-Rao Product Virtual Array Processing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321488907","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisnet56959.2023.10046224"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wisnet56959.2023.10046224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wisnet56959.2023.10046224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004953586","display_name":"Kenshi Ogawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I443798","display_name":"National Defense Academy of Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/05xszy717","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenshi Ogawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034870800","display_name":"Masashi Kurosaki","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I443798","display_name":"National Defense Academy of Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/05xszy717","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masashi Kurosaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079511283","display_name":"Ryohei Nakamura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I443798","display_name":"National Defense Academy of Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/05xszy717","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryohei Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013397109","display_name":"Hisaya Hadama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I443798","display_name":"National Defense Academy of Japan","ror":"https://ror.org/05xszy717","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisaya Hadama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan,Yokosuka,Kanagawa,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004953586"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I443798"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4412,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72608105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.7767239809036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6227188110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.6156580448150635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angular-resolution","display_name":"Angular resolution (graph drawing)","score":0.5549757480621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.5524510741233826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5089118480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.49779200553894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.47840723395347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4647454619407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-array","display_name":"Phased array","score":0.463136225938797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.44770127534866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.4458412528038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aperture","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","score":0.4390667974948883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","score":0.42752695083618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3411380350589752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.3298853039741516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.2948262691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.29282334446907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2877500355243683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2759098410606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12182587385177612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.7767239809036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6227188110351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.6156580448150635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133848361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4764027","display_name":"Angular resolution (graph drawing)","level":2,"score":0.5549757480621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.5524510741233826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5089118480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.49779200553894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.47840723395347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4647454619407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.463136225938797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.44770127534866333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.4458412528038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.4390667974948883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109094680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060432","display_name":"Inverse synthetic aperture radar","level":4,"score":0.42752695083618164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3411380350589752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.3298853039741516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2948262691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.29282334446907043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2877500355243683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2759098410606384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12182587385177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wisnet56959.2023.10046224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wisnet56959.2023.10046224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65255600","https://openalex.org/W1994477821","https://openalex.org/W2016346959","https://openalex.org/W2131797282","https://openalex.org/W2249929091","https://openalex.org/W2527386436","https://openalex.org/W2903725849","https://openalex.org/W3096676008","https://openalex.org/W3157431685"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107043386","https://openalex.org/W2908190742","https://openalex.org/W2377235482","https://openalex.org/W2351454232","https://openalex.org/W2347893079","https://openalex.org/W2150722121","https://openalex.org/W3159067746","https://openalex.org/W4206474493","https://openalex.org/W4312971258","https://openalex.org/W1978118454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,82],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,53],"propose":[4],"a":[5,10,13,80],"2D":[6,77,119],"imaging":[7,78],"method":[8],"of":[9,26,32,42,69,79,88,99,121,132],"drone":[11,123],"using":[12],"millimeter":[14],"wave":[15],"fast":[16],"chirp":[17],"MIMO":[18],"radar":[19],"that":[20,113],"can":[21,63],"estimate":[22],"distance":[23],"and":[24,72,124],"direction":[25],"arrival":[27],"(DOA)":[28],"simultaneously.":[29],"The":[30,109],"accuracy":[31],"DOA":[33],"estimation":[34],"(angular":[35],"resolution)":[36],"depends":[37],"on":[38],"the":[39,50,56,66,86,91,118,130],"aperture":[40,67],"length":[41,68],"antenna":[43,70],"array.":[44],"Therefore,":[45],"in":[46],"order":[47,83],"to":[48,74,84,128],"improve":[49,117],"angular":[51],"resolution,":[52],"have":[54],"applied":[55],"Khatri-Rao":[57],"product":[58],"virtual":[59],"array":[60],"processing":[61],"which":[62],"virtually":[64],"increase":[65],"array,":[71],"aimed":[73],"realize":[75],"high-resolution":[76],"drone.":[81,133],"investigate":[85],"effectiveness":[87],"our":[89,114],"proposal,":[90],"measurement":[92],"experiments":[93],"were":[94],"conducted":[95],"for":[96],"three":[97],"types":[98],"typical":[100],"commercial":[101],"drones":[102],"(Phantom":[103],"3,":[104],"Matrice":[105],"600,":[106],"Mavic":[107],"pro).":[108],"experimental":[110],"results":[111],"showed":[112],"proposal":[115],"could":[116],"image":[120],"each":[122],"make":[125],"it":[126],"easier":[127],"recognize":[129],"shape":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}