{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991690766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291640","title":"Heterogeneity in contact dynamics: Helpful or harmful to forwarding algorithms in DTNs?","display_name":"Heterogeneity in contact dynamics: Helpful or harmful to forwarding algorithms in DTNs?","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991690766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291640","mag":"1991690766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 7th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109101918","display_name":"Chul-Ho Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chul-Ho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695-7911, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695-7911, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050655327","display_name":"Do Young Eun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Do Young Eun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695-7911, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695-7911, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109101918"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0571,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87201574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7709919214248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.639767050743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-distribution","display_name":"Poisson distribution","score":0.582942545413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.4889472723007202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.4833640456199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.44894173741340637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4186393618583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamics","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","score":0.41527464985847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.37722429633140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.14533790946006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.13704165816307068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11914795637130737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0801139771938324}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7709919214248657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.639767050743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100906024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205692","display_name":"Poisson distribution","level":2,"score":0.582942545413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.4889472723007202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.4833640456199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.44894173741340637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4186393618583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.41527464985847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.37722429633140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.14533790946006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.13704165816307068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11914795637130737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0801139771938324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiopt.2009.5291640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 7th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526512085","https://openalex.org/W1545748428","https://openalex.org/W1562327279","https://openalex.org/W2005138787","https://openalex.org/W2006309149","https://openalex.org/W2031089293","https://openalex.org/W2035041033","https://openalex.org/W2035232548","https://openalex.org/W2039157284","https://openalex.org/W2066906122","https://openalex.org/W2099633905","https://openalex.org/W2105273407","https://openalex.org/W2109528718","https://openalex.org/W2112459052","https://openalex.org/W2114202040","https://openalex.org/W2125957038","https://openalex.org/W2129028537","https://openalex.org/W2135365254","https://openalex.org/W2145517691","https://openalex.org/W2146400257","https://openalex.org/W2146625955","https://openalex.org/W2149071511","https://openalex.org/W2160712526","https://openalex.org/W2162778980","https://openalex.org/W2701884314","https://openalex.org/W4236874490","https://openalex.org/W4245558686","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300694379"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539674285","https://openalex.org/W1038122923","https://openalex.org/W1998322187","https://openalex.org/W2952514781","https://openalex.org/W3019210376","https://openalex.org/W2391145594","https://openalex.org/W2326572623","https://openalex.org/W4230275798","https://openalex.org/W2039188918","https://openalex.org/W2185155656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,25],"paper":[2],"we":[3,27,86],"focus":[4],"on":[5,62,101,143],"how":[6],"the":[7,15,52,110,118,139,146,162,181,202],"heterogeneous":[8,31,74,107,130,190],"contact":[9,79,157],"dynamics":[10,80,158],"of":[11,17,35,55,115,145,165,183],"mobile":[12],"nodes":[13],"impact":[14],"performance":[16,182,211],"forwarding/routing":[18,63,184],"algorithms":[19,64,185],"in":[20,45,57,82,138,199,212],"delay/disruption-tolerant":[21],"networks":[22],"(DTNs).":[23],"To":[24],"end,":[26],"consider":[28,87],"two":[29,147],"representative":[30],"network":[32,191],"models,":[33],"each":[34],"which":[36,116,144],"captures":[37],"heterogeneity":[38,44,204],"among":[39],"node":[40,125],"pairs":[41],"(individual)":[42],"and":[43,50,90,95,109,175],"underlying":[46,203],"environment":[47],"(spatial),":[48],"respectively,":[49],"examine":[51],"full":[53],"extent":[54],"difference":[56],"delay":[58,103,140],"performances":[59,104,141],"they":[60],"cause":[61],"through":[65],"formal":[66],"stochastic":[67],"comparisons.":[68],"We":[69,127],"first":[70],"show":[71,128],"that":[72,129,153,176],"these":[73,106],"models":[75,108,131],"correctly":[76,200],"capture":[77],"non-Poisson":[78,156],"observed":[81],"real":[83],"traces.":[84],"Then,":[85],"direct":[88],"forwarding":[89],"multicopy":[91],"two-hop":[92],"relay":[93],"protocol":[94],"rigorously":[96],"establish":[97],"stochastic/convex":[98],"ordering":[99,136],"relationships":[100],"their":[102],"under":[105,186],"corresponding":[111],"homogeneous":[112],"model,":[113],"all":[114,124],"have":[117],"same":[119],"average":[120],"inter-contact":[121,167],"time":[122,168],"over":[123],"pairs.":[126],"predict":[132],"an":[133],"entirely":[134],"opposite":[135],"relationship":[137],"depending":[142],"heterogeneities":[148],"is":[149,169,172],"captured.":[150],"This":[151],"suggests":[152],"merely":[154],"capturing":[155],"-":[159],"even":[160],"if":[161],"entire":[163],"distribution":[164],"aggregated":[166],"precisely":[170],"matched,":[171],"not":[173],"enough":[174],"one":[177],"should":[178],"carefully":[179],"evaluate":[180],"a":[187],"properly":[188],"chosen":[189],"setting.":[192],"Our":[193],"results":[194],"will":[195],"also":[196],"be":[197],"useful":[198],"exploiting":[201],"structure":[205],"so":[206],"as":[207],"to":[208],"achieve":[209],"better":[210],"DTNs.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}