{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117678206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313438","title":"Where 6G Stands Today: Evolution, Enablers, and Research Gaps","display_name":"Where 6G Stands Today: Evolution, Enablers, and Research Gaps","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117678206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313438"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120549810","display_name":"Salma Tika","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salma Tika","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hassan First University of Settat,Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Computer, Networks Mobility and Modeling Laboratory: IR2M,Settat,Morocco,26000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hassan First University of Settat,Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Computer, Networks Mobility and Modeling Laboratory: IR2M,Settat,Morocco,26000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046331572","display_name":"Abdelkrim Haqiq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8857-6586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelkrim Haqiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hassan First University of Settat,Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Computer, Networks Mobility and Modeling Laboratory: IR2M,Settat,Morocco,26000"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hassan First University of Settat,Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Computer, Networks Mobility and Modeling Laboratory: IR2M,Settat,Morocco,26000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105611914","display_name":"Essaid Sabir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Essaid Sabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["T&#x00C9;LUQ, University of Quebec,Department of Science and Technology,Montreal,Canada,H2S 3L4"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"T&#x00C9;LUQ, University of Quebec,Department of Science and Technology,Montreal,Canada,H2S 3L4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159129438"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057382530","display_name":"Elmahdi Driouch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159129438","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/002rjbv21","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159129438","https://openalex.org/I49663120"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elmahdi Driouch","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Quebec at Montreal,Department of Computer Science,Montreal,Quebec,Canada,H2L 2C4"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Quebec at Montreal,Department of Computer Science,Montreal,Quebec,Canada,H2L 2C4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159129438"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73518319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6718000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-technologies","display_name":"Emerging technologies","score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2614000141620636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6718000173568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5192000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4309000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313438","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4794779121875763,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020272879","https://openalex.org/W3193546943","https://openalex.org/W4225139625","https://openalex.org/W4281760315"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,18,24,53,124,128,145,149,158],"fifth-generation":[2],"(5G)":[3],"mobile":[4],"communication":[5,77],"system":[6,78],"continues":[7],"its":[8,98],"global":[9],"deployment,":[10],"both":[11],"industry":[12],"and":[13,31,60,75,118,135],"academia":[14],"have":[15],"started":[16],"conceptualizing":[17],"6th":[19],"generation":[20],"(6G)":[21],"to":[22,46,49,68,156],"address":[23],"growing":[25],"need":[26],"for":[27],"a":[28,71,82,91],"progressively":[29],"advanced":[30],"digital":[32],"society.":[33],"Even":[34],"while":[35,102],"5":[36],"G":[37,133],"offers":[38,90],"considerable":[39],"advancements":[40],"over":[41],"LTE,":[42],"it":[43],"could":[44],"struggle":[45],"be":[47,154],"sufficient":[48],"meet":[50],"all":[51],"of":[52,85,94],"requirements,":[54],"including":[55],"ultra-high":[56],"reliability,":[57],"seamless":[58],"automation,":[59],"ubiquitous":[61],"coverage.":[62],"In":[63],"response,":[64],"6G":[65,125,159],"is":[66],"supposed":[67],"bring":[69],"out":[70],"highly":[72],"intelligent,":[73],"automated,":[74],"ultra-reliable":[76],"that":[79,121,138,152],"can":[80],"handle":[81],"vast":[83],"number":[84],"connected":[86],"devices.":[87],"This":[88],"paper":[89,129],"comprehensive":[92],"overview":[93],"6G,":[95],"beginning":[96],"with":[97],"main":[99],"stringent":[100],"requirements":[101],"focusing":[103],"on":[104],"key":[105],"enabling":[106],"technologies":[107],"such":[108],"as":[109],"terahertz":[110],"(THz)":[111],"communications,":[112],"intelligent":[113],"reflecting":[114],"surfaces,":[115],"massive":[116],"MIMO":[117],"AI-driven":[119],"networking":[120],"will":[122,139],"shape":[123],"networks.":[126],"Furthermore,":[127],"lists":[130],"various":[131],"6":[132],"applications":[134],"usage":[136],"scenarios":[137],"benefit":[140],"from":[141],"these":[142],"advancements.":[143],"At":[144],"end,":[146],"we":[147],"outline":[148],"potential":[150],"challenges":[151],"must":[153],"addressed":[155],"achieve":[157],"promises.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-27T08:28:00.272161","created_date":"2025-12-31T00:00:00"}
