{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117713158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313416","title":"Compact Low SAR X-Ku Band Planar Inverted F Antenna for Wearable Application","display_name":"Compact Low SAR X-Ku Band Planar Inverted F Antenna for Wearable Application","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117713158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313416"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313416","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029023213","display_name":"Sahar Saleh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0015-5972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152698","display_name":"Atlantic Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0458dap48","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152698"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atlantic Technological University,WiSAR Lab,Letterkenny,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atlantic Technological University,WiSAR Lab,Letterkenny,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121647413","display_name":"Tale Saeidi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152698","display_name":"Atlantic Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0458dap48","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152698"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tale Saeidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atlantic Technological University,WiSAR Lab,Letterkenny,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atlantic Technological University,WiSAR Lab,Letterkenny,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043008495","display_name":"Nick Timmons","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-7885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152698","display_name":"Atlantic Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/0458dap48","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152698"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nick Timmons","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atlantic Technological University,WiSAR Lab,Letterkenny,Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atlantic Technological University,WiSAR Lab,Letterkenny,Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152698"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020554837","display_name":"Faroq Razzaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9292-6043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faroq Razzaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University,Electrical Engineering Department,Al-Kharj,Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University,Electrical Engineering Department,Al-Kharj,Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4653,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96829255,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.07530000060796738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13324","display_name":"Scientific and Engineering Research Topics","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-absorption-rate","display_name":"Specific absorption rate","score":0.6934999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-phantom","display_name":"Imaging phantom","score":0.6905999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar","display_name":"Planar","score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.49459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.47290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-head","display_name":"Human head","score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.40709999203681946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84237751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914138","display_name":"Specific absorption rate","level":3,"score":0.6934999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104293457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28324852","display_name":"Imaging phantom","level":2,"score":0.6905999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.5751000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.49459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780549717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409626","display_name":"Human head","level":3,"score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780312720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5689100","display_name":"Head (geology)","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113145756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126859","display_name":"Dipole antenna","level":3,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95496425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1466248","display_name":"Monopole antenna","level":3,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93130614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5138671","display_name":"Coaxial antenna","level":4,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196931383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771253","display_name":"Antenna factor","level":4,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134546842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756885","display_name":"Multi-band device","level":3,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313416","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313416","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988671726","https://openalex.org/W2024517160","https://openalex.org/W2096908080","https://openalex.org/W2476416779","https://openalex.org/W2905758093","https://openalex.org/W2966670348","https://openalex.org/W2980573455","https://openalex.org/W3042987057","https://openalex.org/W3138398722","https://openalex.org/W3161769317","https://openalex.org/W3196651838","https://openalex.org/W3210485279","https://openalex.org/W4205438540","https://openalex.org/W4214875531","https://openalex.org/W4292348358","https://openalex.org/W4295063160","https://openalex.org/W4296281708","https://openalex.org/W4362669692","https://openalex.org/W4399882519","https://openalex.org/W4402531449","https://openalex.org/W4407062514"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"compact":[1,111],"planar":[2],"inverted-F":[3],"antenna":[4,17,85],"(PIFA)":[5],"operating":[6],"in":[7,40,54],"the":[8,26,59,90,105,129,134,157,165,173,177,182,195],"X-band":[9],"is":[10,18,52,86,162],"developed":[11],"for":[12,66],"wireless":[13],"mobile":[14,31],"applications.":[15],"The":[16,71],"mounted":[19],"on":[20,35,89,194],"an":[21],"extended":[22],"FR4":[23,73],"substrate":[24],"mimicking":[25],"dimensions":[27,114],"of":[28,81,133,143],"a":[29,36,41,79,110,140],"typical":[30],"phone":[32],"and":[33,69,78,97,107,131,146,151,168,181],"positioned":[34],"realistic":[37],"head":[38,91],"phantom":[39,92,106],"talk":[42],"scenario":[43],"to":[44,57,93,170],"replicate":[45],"actual":[46],"usage":[47],"conditions.":[48],"Initial":[49],"design":[50],"optimization":[51],"performed":[53],"free":[55],"space":[56],"determine":[58],"final":[60],"dimensions,":[61],"followed":[62],"by":[63,176],"additional":[64],"tuning":[65],"enhanced":[67],"compactness":[68],"performance.":[70],"full":[72],"($\\varepsilon_{\\mathrm{r}}=4.3,":[74],"\\tan":[75],"\\delta":[76],"\\approx$0.025,":[77],"thickness":[80],"1.6":[82,122],"mm)":[83],"-based":[84],"then":[87],"tested":[88],"assess":[94],"potential":[95],"detuning":[96],"performance":[98],"degradation.":[99],"Detailed":[100],"parametric":[101],"analysis,":[102],"considering":[103],"both":[104],"substrate,":[108],"yields":[109],"PIFA":[112],"with":[113],"of$36":[115],"\\text{mm}":[116,120],"\\times":[117,121],"2":[118],"4":[119],"\\text{mm}$,":[123],"offering":[124],"wide":[125],"bandwidth":[126],"coverage":[127],"across":[128],"entire$X$-band":[130],"part":[132],"Ku-band":[135],"(9.09-12.23":[136],"GHz),":[137],"with$\\mathrm{S}_{11}<-11.98":[138],"\\text{dB}$,":[139],"maximum":[141],"gain":[142],"6.19":[144],"dBi,":[145],"radiation":[147],"efficiency":[148],"between":[149],"50":[150],"65%.":[152],"To":[153],"ensure":[154],"user":[155],"safety,":[156],"specific":[158],"absorption":[159],"rate":[160],"(SAR)":[161],"evaluated":[163],"at":[164],"resonant":[166],"frequencies":[167],"found":[169],"be":[171],"within":[172],"limits":[174],"set":[175],"European":[178],"Union":[179],"Council":[180],"Federal":[183],"Communications":[184],"Commission":[185],"(FCC).":[186],"Simulations":[187],"are":[188],"conducted":[189],"using":[190],"CST":[191],"software":[192],"based":[193],"Finite":[196],"Integration":[197],"Technique":[198],"(FIT).":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-12-31T00:00:00"}