{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117647313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313388","title":"Trust Verification in Connected Vehicles Using Unsupervised Variational Autoencoder","display_name":"Trust Verification in Connected Vehicles Using Unsupervised Variational Autoencoder","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117647313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313388"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313388","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089158761","display_name":"Ramzi Boutahala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5537-1410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96226040","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne-Ardenne","ror":"https://ror.org/03hypw319","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ramzi Boutahala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Lab-I*,Reims,France,51097"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Lab-I*,Reims,France,51097","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121611925","display_name":"Hac\u00e8ne Fouchal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96226040","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne-Ardenne","ror":"https://ror.org/03hypw319","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hac\u00e8ne Fouchal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Lab-I*,Reims,France,51097"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Lab-I*,Reims,France,51097","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121621270","display_name":"Marwane Ayaida","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96226040","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Reims Champagne-Ardenne","ror":"https://ror.org/03hypw319","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwane Ayaida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Lab-I*,Reims,France,51097"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Lab-I*,Reims,France,51097","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112195582","display_name":"Shiwen Mao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82497590","display_name":"Auburn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v80fc35","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Auburn University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Auburn,AL,USA,36849-5201"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Auburn University,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Auburn,AL,USA,36849-5201","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82497590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089158761"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96226040"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59921042,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9182000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9182000160217285,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.866100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudonym","display_name":"Pseudonym","score":0.6743000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.555400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5343999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5067999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.36329999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.33640000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.866100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7182000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776021475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61002","display_name":"Pseudonym","level":2,"score":0.6743000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.555400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5343999862670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5067999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.4837999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4343000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4027000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.36329999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15845906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172338","display_name":"Data exchange","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141492731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052621","display_name":"Message authentication code","level":3,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189693848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031064","display_name":"Information exchange","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781221063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6944186","display_name":"Mutual authentication","level":3,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2558000087738037}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom65874.2025.11313388","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 12th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6098963022232056}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600401091","https://openalex.org/W2080723908","https://openalex.org/W2081697640","https://openalex.org/W2090636507","https://openalex.org/W2477729378","https://openalex.org/W2809117836","https://openalex.org/W2945959416","https://openalex.org/W3015998842","https://openalex.org/W3094365253","https://openalex.org/W3095887112","https://openalex.org/W3111082827","https://openalex.org/W4290996156","https://openalex.org/W4315630100"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Connected":[0],"and":[1,12,37,135,163,179],"Automated":[2],"Mobility":[3],"(CCAM)":[4],"is":[5],"undergoing":[6],"a":[7,72,95,108,184],"paradigm":[8],"shift,":[9],"with":[10,60],"safety":[11],"efficiency":[13],"increasingly":[14],"dependent":[15],"on":[16,113],"connectivity.":[17],"Cooperative":[18,31],"Intelligent":[19],"Transport":[20],"Systems":[21],"(C-ITS)":[22],"support":[23],"this":[24,68,104],"transformation":[25],"by":[26],"enabling":[27],"the":[28,76,79,90,99,123,144,151,169,191],"exchange":[29,139],"of":[30,78,98,117,193],"Awareness":[32],"Messages":[33],"(CAMs)":[34],"between":[35,196],"vehicles":[36,124],"roadside":[38],"infrastructure.":[39],"These":[40],"messages,":[41],"transmitted":[42],"periodically":[43],"at":[44],"<tex":[45,185],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[46,186],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\text{1":[47],"-":[48],"1":[49],"0":[50],"~":[51],"H":[52],"z}$</tex>,":[53],"must":[54],"be":[55,83],"digitally":[56],"signed":[57,119],"in":[58,190],"compliance":[59],"ETSI":[61],"standards":[62],"using":[63,176],"Pseudonym":[64],"Certificates":[65],"(PCs).":[66],"However,":[67],"security":[69,80,149],"process":[70],"introduces":[71],"significant":[73],"overhead,":[74],"as":[75],"size":[77],"data":[81],"can":[82],"up":[84],"to":[85,130,160],"three":[86],"times":[87],"larger":[88],"than":[89],"CAM":[91],"payload,":[92],"thereby":[93],"consuming":[94],"considerable":[96],"portion":[97],"communication":[100,200],"channel":[101,201],"bandwidth.":[102],"In":[103],"paper":[105],"we":[106],"propose":[107],"new":[109],"authentication":[110],"scheme":[111],"based":[112],"deep":[114],"learning.":[115],"Instead":[116],"exchanging":[118],"CAMs":[120,142],"every":[121],"time,":[122],"will":[125,138],"authenticate":[126],"each":[127,166],"other":[128],"once":[129],"establish":[131],"cluster-based":[132],"trust":[133],"relationships,":[134],"then":[136],"they":[137],"only":[140],"unsigned":[141],"during":[143],"cluster":[145],"lifetime.":[146],"To":[147],"ensure":[148],"within":[150],"cluster,":[152],"an":[153],"unsupervised":[154],"variational":[155],"autoencoder":[156],"analyzes":[157],"vehicle":[158,167],"behavior":[159],"detect":[161],"anomalies":[162],"confirm":[164],"that":[165],"remains":[168],"same":[170],"entity":[171],"originally":[172],"authenticated.":[173],"Through":[174],"simulations":[175],"OMNeT++,":[177],"SUMO,":[178],"Artery,":[180],"our":[181],"method":[182],"achieved":[183],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\text{48.9":[187],"\\%}$</tex>":[188],"reduction":[189],"volume":[192],"messages":[194],"exchanged":[195],"vehicles,":[197],"significantly":[198],"decreasing":[199],"overhead.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-01T23:40:50.289205","created_date":"2025-12-31T00:00:00"}