{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402262512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom62286.2024.10658116","title":"Enhancing Energy Efficiency in O-RAN Through Intelligent xApps Deployment","display_name":"Enhancing Energy Efficiency in O-RAN Through Intelligent xApps Deployment","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402262512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom62286.2024.10658116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom62286.2024.10658116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom62286.2024.10658116","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 11th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102667045","display_name":"Xuanyu Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuanyu Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021975473","display_name":"Ahmed Al-Tahmeesschi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5750-5080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Al-Tahmeesschi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072311830","display_name":"Qiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-4253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066079780","display_name":"Swarna Bindu Chetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-9360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Swarna Chetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102289009","display_name":"Sun Hee Chun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6140-5285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenrui Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089768882","display_name":"Hamed Ahmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5508-8757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Ahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics Engineering and Technology, University of York,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102667045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0178,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94398097,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.7890642285346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7880228161811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6131076216697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-ran","display_name":"C-RAN","score":0.5792156457901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4620928168296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4419195055961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.22871339321136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1885857880115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17696505784988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.15375319123268127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.11046090722084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0752372145652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.06095397472381592}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.7890642285346985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7880228161811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6131076216697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779765720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5005908","display_name":"C-RAN","level":5,"score":0.5792156457901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4620928168296814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4419195055961609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.22871339321136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1885857880115509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17696505784988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.15375319123268127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.11046090722084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0752372145652771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.06095397472381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom62286.2024.10658116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom62286.2024.10658116","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 11th International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972470182","https://openalex.org/W2112170521","https://openalex.org/W2147056723","https://openalex.org/W2546639359","https://openalex.org/W2751377488","https://openalex.org/W2765609722","https://openalex.org/W2807900833","https://openalex.org/W2982479270","https://openalex.org/W2995360356","https://openalex.org/W3027543347","https://openalex.org/W3092280721","https://openalex.org/W3109796224","https://openalex.org/W3129005378","https://openalex.org/W3214889337","https://openalex.org/W4382364679","https://openalex.org/W4385804946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885627391","https://openalex.org/W4401508502","https://openalex.org/W4324323655","https://openalex.org/W2922954044","https://openalex.org/W3037103914","https://openalex.org/W1982654631","https://openalex.org/W3018338683","https://openalex.org/W4288060126","https://openalex.org/W3197340217","https://openalex.org/W4294306393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,34],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,14,28,56,78,93,124,134],"5G":[3],"technology":[4],"presents":[5],"an":[6],"unprecedented":[7],"challenge":[8],"in":[9,31,111],"managing":[10,130],"the":[11,26,51,67,76,91,131],"energy":[12],"consumption":[13],"densely":[15],"deployed":[16],"network":[17,148],"infrastructures,":[18],"particularly":[19,138],"Base":[20],"Stations":[21],"(BSs),":[22],"which":[23],"account":[24],"for":[25,66],"majority":[27],"power":[29,72,112,118],"usage":[30,151],"mobile":[32],"networks.":[33],"O-RAN":[35,68],"architecture,":[36],"with":[37,120],"its":[38],"emphasis":[39],"on":[40,147],"open":[41],"and":[42,143],"intelligent":[43],"design,":[44],"offers":[45],"a":[46,82,108,121],"promising":[47],"framework":[48],"to":[49,70,116],"address":[50],"Energy":[52],"Efficiency":[53],"(EE)":[54],"demands":[55],"modern":[57],"telecommunication":[58],"systems.":[59],"This":[60],"paper":[61],"introduces":[62],"two":[63],"xApps":[64,96],"designed":[65],"architecture":[69],"optimize":[71],"savings":[73,119],"without":[74],"compromising":[75],"Quality":[77],"Service":[79],"(QoS).":[80],"Utilizing":[81],"commercial":[83],"RAN":[84],"Intelligent":[85],"Controller":[86],"(RIC)":[87],"simulator,":[88],"we":[89],"demonstrate":[90],"effectiveness":[92],"our":[94],"proposed":[95],"through":[97,139],"extensive":[98],"simulations":[99],"that":[100],"reflect":[101],"real-world":[102],"operational":[103,132],"conditions.":[104,152],"Our":[105],"results":[106],"show":[107],"significant":[109],"reduction":[110],"consumption,":[113],"achieving":[114],"up":[115],"50%":[117],"minimal":[122],"number":[123],"User":[125],"Equipments":[126],"(UEs),":[127],"by":[128],"intelligently":[129],"state":[133],"Radio":[135],"Cards":[136],"(RCs),":[137],"switching":[140],"between":[141],"active":[142],"sleep":[144],"modes":[145],"based":[146],"resource":[149],"block":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}