{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2560324197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom.2016.7777192","title":"Cloud-ElGamal: An efficient homomorphic encryption scheme","display_name":"Cloud-ElGamal: An efficient homomorphic encryption scheme","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2560324197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom.2016.7777192","mag":"2560324197"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom.2016.7777192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom.2016.7777192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001534531","display_name":"Khalid El Makkaoui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9569-9162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid El Makkaoui","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAVETE laboratory FST, Univ Hassan, Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory FST, Univ Hassan, Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001300162","display_name":"Abderrahim Beni\u2010Hssane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8040-1741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abderrahim Beni-Hssane","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAVETE laboratory FST, Univ Hassan, Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory FST, Univ Hassan, Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011832565","display_name":"Abdellah Ezzati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-0661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145365","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Hassan 1er","ror":"https://ror.org/03cdvht47","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdellah Ezzati","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAVETE laboratory FST, Univ Hassan, Settat, Morocco"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAVETE laboratory FST, Univ Hassan, Settat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145365"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9743,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94610376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"63","last_page":"66"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elgamal-encryption","display_name":"ElGamal encryption","score":0.8827344179153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7924118638038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.7720778584480286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7674160599708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7097257375717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6545618772506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6020675301551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/client-side-encryption","display_name":"Client-side encryption","score":0.5860928297042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.43351536989212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.3830713927745819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3823808431625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-the-fly-encryption","display_name":"On-the-fly encryption","score":0.26545459032058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.14675340056419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10664752125740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07761979103088379}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11045955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162410","display_name":"ElGamal encryption","level":4,"score":0.8827344179153442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7924118638038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.7720778584480286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7674160599708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7097257375717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6545618772506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6020675301551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166501710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5132476","display_name":"Client-side encryption","level":4,"score":0.5860928297042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43351536989212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.3830713927745819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3823808431625366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147977885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117010","display_name":"On-the-fly encryption","level":3,"score":0.26545459032058716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.14675340056419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10664752125740051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07761979103088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wincom.2016.7777192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wincom.2016.7777192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Conference on Wireless Networks and Mobile Communications (WINCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537626131","https://openalex.org/W1562767160","https://openalex.org/W1996360405","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2117420234","https://openalex.org/W2275530856","https://openalex.org/W4210694990","https://openalex.org/W4232836212","https://openalex.org/W4250224829","https://openalex.org/W6632379189","https://openalex.org/W6677767409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2312500729","https://openalex.org/W2518050971","https://openalex.org/W2026228941","https://openalex.org/W3106998306","https://openalex.org/W2985442649","https://openalex.org/W1484081998","https://openalex.org/W2902659942","https://openalex.org/W4289129300","https://openalex.org/W2963996977","https://openalex.org/W3012189029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thanks":[0],"to":[1,47,68,98,109],"several":[2],"advantages":[3],"offered":[4],"by":[5,117],"cloud":[6,48,107],"computing,":[7],"such":[8],"as:":[9],"reducing":[10],"costs,":[11],"high":[12],"services":[13,27,49],"scalability":[14],"and":[15,145],"flexibility.":[16],"Cloud":[17],"computing":[18],"has":[19,42],"become":[20,43],"a":[21,44,55],"widely":[22],"adopted":[23],"technology":[24],"for":[25],"delivering":[26],"over":[28],"the":[29,32,100,106,110,115,118,135,142,148],"Internet.":[30],"However,":[31],"fear":[33],"of":[34,66,102,113,134],"seeing":[35],"sensitive":[36],"data":[37,73,104],"be":[38,69],"processed":[39],"in":[40,125],"clear":[41],"major":[45],"barrier":[46],"adoption.":[50],"Indeed,":[51],"researchers":[52],"have":[53],"stressed":[54],"useful":[56],"technique":[57,62],"called":[58],"\u201chomomorphic":[59],"encryption\u201d,":[60],"this":[61,126],"allows":[63],"specific":[64],"type":[65],"computations":[67],"performed":[70],"on":[71],"encrypted":[72],"without":[74],"decrypting":[75],"it":[76],"The":[77],"encryption":[78,138],"schemes":[79,91,97],"that":[80],"support":[81],"homomorphic":[82],"properties":[83],"are":[84],"numerous;":[85],"unfortunately,":[86],"many":[87],"attacks":[88],"make":[89],"these":[90,96,123],"insecure,":[92],"especially":[93],"when":[94],"adopting":[95],"protect":[99],"confidentiality":[101,149],"outsourced":[103],"into":[105],"due":[108],"long":[111],"time":[112],"storing":[114],"ciphertexts":[116],"same":[119],"key.":[120],"To":[121],"mitigate":[122],"drawbacks,":[124],"paper":[127],"we":[128],"will":[129],"suggest":[130],"an":[131],"enhanced":[132],"version":[133],"standard":[136],"ElGamal":[137],"scheme":[139],"which":[140],"supports":[141],"multiplicative":[143],"homomorphism":[144],"resists":[146],"more":[147],"attacks.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}