{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2908409691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085","title":"MIMO Channel Hardening for Ray-based Models","display_name":"MIMO Channel Hardening for Ray-based Models","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2908409691","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085","mag":"2908409691"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 14th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://univ-rennes.hal.science/hal-02083887","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103056913","display_name":"Matthieu Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6336-4667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143287","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique B-com","ror":"https://ror.org/03cejhk28","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143287"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthieu Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["b<>com, Rennes, France","bcom, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b<>com, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"bcom, Rennes, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083746253","display_name":"St\u00e9phane Paquelet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6874-8336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143287","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique B-com","ror":"https://ror.org/03cejhk28","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143287"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephane Paquelet","raw_affiliation_strings":["b<>com, Rennes, France","bcom, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b<>com, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"bcom, Rennes, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013280214","display_name":"Luc Le Magoarou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2871-4406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143287","display_name":"Institut de Recherche Technologique B-com","ror":"https://ror.org/03cejhk28","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143287"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luc Le Magoarou","raw_affiliation_strings":["b<>com, Rennes, France","bcom, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b<>com, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"bcom, Rennes, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109938747","display_name":"Matthieu Crussiere","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28221208","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/04xaa4j22","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28221208"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthieu Crussiere","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSA Rennes, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSA Rennes, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82836469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.8137292265892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.677564263343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.6612105369567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5613162517547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.5501707792282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.5361841320991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5100505948066711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardening","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","score":0.47144851088523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.436111181974411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-scattering","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","score":0.4283592700958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.4225500226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.32373517751693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3094600737094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2351471483707428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21133938431739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.11094799637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.10594406723976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08572527766227722}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.8137292265892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.677564263343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.6612105369567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5613162517547607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.5501707792282104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.5361841320991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5100505948066711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44255700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q978423","display_name":"Hardening (computing)","level":3,"score":0.47144851088523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.436111181974411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46244369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193709","display_name":"Rayleigh scattering","level":2,"score":0.4283592700958252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.4225500226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.32373517751693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3094600737094879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2351471483707428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21133938431739807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.11094799637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10594406723976135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08572527766227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 14th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02083887v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://univ-rennes.hal.science/hal-02083887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"14th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), Oct 2018, Limassol, Cyprus. pp.1-7, &#x27E8;10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02083887v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://univ-rennes.hal.science/hal-02083887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"14th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), Oct 2018, Limassol, Cyprus. pp.1-7, &#x27E8;10.1109/wimob.2018.8589085&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518945650","https://openalex.org/W2074086712","https://openalex.org/W2104621895","https://openalex.org/W2130509920","https://openalex.org/W2141102592","https://openalex.org/W2161873235","https://openalex.org/W2163363194","https://openalex.org/W2268295991","https://openalex.org/W2588253314","https://openalex.org/W2594167756","https://openalex.org/W2599033778","https://openalex.org/W2766783619","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2796217188","https://openalex.org/W2963508491","https://openalex.org/W2963722216","https://openalex.org/W2963837984"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281688526","https://openalex.org/W2152088989","https://openalex.org/W2756419127","https://openalex.org/W4366493479","https://openalex.org/W2401571617","https://openalex.org/W2905893439","https://openalex.org/W3135374966","https://openalex.org/W2953205382","https://openalex.org/W3154774209","https://openalex.org/W4381195711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"a":[1,24,57],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[2],"(MIMO)":[3],"communication":[4],"system,":[5],"the":[6,28,38,43,63,81,85,95],"multipath":[7],"fading":[8,88],"tends":[9],"to":[10,52],"vanish":[11],"with":[12,97],"increasing":[13],"number":[14],"of":[15,30,40,42,48,65],"radio":[16],"links.":[17],"This":[18],"well-known":[19],"channel":[20,44,54,59,98],"hardening":[21,55,82],"phenomenon":[22],"plays":[23],"central":[25],"role":[26],"in":[27,61],"design":[29],"massive":[31],"MIMO":[32],"systems.":[33],"It":[34],"is":[35,51],"quantified":[36],"by":[37],"coefficient":[39],"variation":[41],"gain.":[45],"The":[46],"aim":[47],"this":[49],"paper":[50],"study":[53],"using":[56],"physical":[58],"model":[60],"which":[62],"influences":[64],"propagation":[66],"rays":[67],"and":[68,76,90],"antenna":[69],"array":[70],"topologies":[71],"are":[72],"highlighted.":[73],"Our":[74],"analyses":[75],"closed":[77],"form":[78],"results":[79],"extend":[80],"properties":[83],"beyond":[84],"classical":[86],"Rayleigh":[87],"models":[89],"offer":[91],"further":[92],"insights":[93],"on":[94],"relationship":[96],"characteristics.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}