{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001042214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiamis.2012.6226768","title":"Codebook-free exemplar models for object detection","display_name":"Codebook-free exemplar models for object detection","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001042214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiamis.2012.6226768","mag":"2001042214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wiamis.2012.6226768","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiamis.2012.6226768","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 13th International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047532390","display_name":"Jan Hendrik Becker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Hendrik Becker","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT/PSI-IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium","ESAT-PSI, IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT/PSI-IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-PSI, IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074816094","display_name":"Tinne Tuytelaars","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3307-9723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tinne Tuytelaars","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT/PSI-IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium","ESAT-PSI, IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT/PSI-IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-PSI, IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001254143","display_name":"Luc Van Gool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3445-5711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luc Van Gool","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESAT/PSI-IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium","ESAT-PSI, IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT/PSI-IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESAT-PSI, IBBT, KU Leuven, Belgium#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047532390"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55823237,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.9914323091506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7859638929367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6991591453552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6279295682907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.5734768509864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linde\u2013buzo\u2013gray-algorithm","display_name":"Linde\u2013Buzo\u2013Gray algorithm","score":0.5529848337173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5381942391395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.527141809463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5210994482040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5152338147163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41610878705978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.34991753101348877}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.9914323091506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7859638929367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6991591453552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6279295682907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.5734768509864807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93372532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6552455","display_name":"Linde\u2013Buzo\u2013Gray algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5529848337173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5381942391395569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.527141809463501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5210994482040405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5152338147163391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41610878705978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.34991753101348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wiamis.2012.6226768","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wiamis.2012.6226768","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 13th International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.370.7337","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.370.7337","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://eprints.pascal-network.org/archive/00010058/01/Becker_etal_CodebookfreeExemplarModels_WIAMIS12.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/349789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/bitstream/123456789/349789/3/3440.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401954","display_name":"Lirias (KU Leuven)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","host_organization_name":"KU Leuven","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International workshop on image analysis for multimedia interactive services - WIAMIS 2012, Dublin, Ireland, 23-25 May 2012","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1576767704","https://openalex.org/W1977470347","https://openalex.org/W2052355211","https://openalex.org/W2055839530","https://openalex.org/W2120369594","https://openalex.org/W2141582975","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2164877691","https://openalex.org/W2166742463","https://openalex.org/W2167986384","https://openalex.org/W6683978607"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096936443","https://openalex.org/W2081863301","https://openalex.org/W2352648934","https://openalex.org/W2365109233","https://openalex.org/W145510127","https://openalex.org/W2374856816","https://openalex.org/W1977098967","https://openalex.org/W2378932494","https://openalex.org/W2352292447","https://openalex.org/W2391875658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"bag-of-features":[1],"approaches":[2,35],"often":[3],"vector-quantise":[4],"the":[5,23,51,66,83],"features":[6],"into":[7],"a":[8,74,90],"visual":[9],"codebook.":[10],"This":[11],"process":[12],"inevitably":[13],"causes":[14],"loss":[15],"of":[16,53,69,85,93,95],"information.":[17],"Recently":[18],"codebook-free":[19,62],"methods":[20,37,72],"that":[21],"avoid":[22],"vector-quantisation":[24],"step":[25],"have":[26,38],"become":[27],"more":[28],"popular.":[29],"Used":[30],"in":[31],"conjunction":[32],"with":[33,73],"nearest-neighbour":[34],"these":[36],"shown":[39],"remarkable":[40],"classification":[41,57,67],"performance.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44],"paper":[45],"we":[46],"show":[47],"how":[48],"to":[49],"exploit":[50],"concept":[52,76],"nearest":[54,70],"neighbour":[55,71],"based":[56,77],"for":[58],"object":[59],"detection.":[60],"Our":[61],"exemplar":[63,79],"model":[64],"combines":[65],"power":[68],"detection":[75],"on":[78,89],"models.":[80],"We":[81],"demonstrate":[82],"performance":[84],"our":[86],"proposed":[87],"system":[88],"real-world":[91],"dataset":[92],"images":[94],"motorbikes.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
