{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2276549099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077527","title":"Spatial context driven manifold learning for hyperspectral image classification","display_name":"Spatial context driven manifold learning for hyperspectral image classification","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2276549099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077527","mag":"2276549099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/whispers.2014.8077527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077527","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 6th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055578804","display_name":"Y. Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Y. Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024089585","display_name":"H. Lexie Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2252-6778"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.L. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, US","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083948807","display_name":"Dalton Lunga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-1141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21360634","display_name":"Council for Scientific and Industrial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05j00sr48","country_code":"ZA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Lunga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meraka Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meraka Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21360634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037823063","display_name":"Saurabh Prasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-9360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002083374","display_name":"Melba M. Crawford","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Crawford","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, US","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055578804"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72985755,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9567000269889832,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7761107683181763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","score":0.6691596508026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6224788427352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-contextual-awareness","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","score":0.6100948452949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5957585573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.5873730182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold-alignment","display_name":"Manifold alignment","score":0.5801615715026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5685142874717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5309077501296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.518744707107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4688511788845062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.46018701791763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.459171324968338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.45742759108543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disjoint-sets","display_name":"Disjoint sets","score":0.44255486130714417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.42168253660202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.19164985418319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.164453387260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.16029682755470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.10689815878868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.06664445996284485}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7761107683181763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151876577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7049464","display_name":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction","level":3,"score":0.6691596508026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6224788427352905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64754055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574053","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","level":2,"score":0.6100948452949524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5957585573196411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.5873730182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153120616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17068315","display_name":"Manifold alignment","level":4,"score":0.5801615715026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5685142874717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5309077501296997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.518744707107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4688511788845062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.46018701791763306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.459171324968338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.45742759108543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45340560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215382","display_name":"Disjoint sets","level":2,"score":0.44255486130714417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.42168253660202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.19164985418319702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.164453387260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.16029682755470276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.10689815878868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.06664445996284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/whispers.2014.8077527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077527","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 6th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25833819","https://openalex.org/W1578099820","https://openalex.org/W1964463693","https://openalex.org/W1996213136","https://openalex.org/W2019287283","https://openalex.org/W2038911891","https://openalex.org/W2063385051","https://openalex.org/W2097308346","https://openalex.org/W2103125780","https://openalex.org/W2109531142","https://openalex.org/W2111282613","https://openalex.org/W2121862141","https://openalex.org/W2131450755","https://openalex.org/W2151417892","https://openalex.org/W2792874300"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3109610583","https://openalex.org/W2387045723","https://openalex.org/W2375518579","https://openalex.org/W117517268","https://openalex.org/W2944373987","https://openalex.org/W65619410","https://openalex.org/W2112684860","https://openalex.org/W2391701611","https://openalex.org/W2149544245","https://openalex.org/W2923551166"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manifold":[0],"learning":[1,76,123],"techniques":[2],"have":[3],"been":[4],"demonstrated":[5],"to":[6,36,105,120],"be":[7],"successful":[8],"in":[9,13,50,99,115],"representing":[10],"spectral":[11,19],"signatures":[12],"hyperspectral":[14],"images,":[15],"which":[16],"consist":[17],"of":[18,63,84,94],"features":[20],"with":[21],"very":[22],"subtle":[23],"differences":[24],"and":[25],"often":[26],"spatially":[27],"induced":[28],"disjoint":[29],"classes":[30],"whose":[31],"neighborhood":[32,56],"relations":[33],"are":[34],"difficult":[35],"capture":[37],"using":[38],"traditional":[39,51,121],"graph":[40,96],"based":[41],"embedding":[42],"techniques.":[43],"Robust":[44],"parameter":[45],"estimation":[46],"is":[47],"a":[48,89],"challenge":[49],"kernel":[52],"functions":[53],"that":[54,82,98],"compute":[55],"graphs":[57],"e.g":[58],"finding":[59],"the":[60,79,92,95,116],"optimal":[61],"number":[62],"nearest":[64],"neighbors.":[65],"We":[66],"address":[67],"these":[68],"challenges":[69],"by":[70],"proposing":[71],"spatial":[72,85],"context":[73],"driven":[74],"manifold":[75,107,122],"methods.":[77,124],"Empirically,":[78],"study":[80],"reveals":[81],"use":[83],"contextual":[86],"information":[87],"has":[88],"bearing":[90],"on":[91],"structure":[93],"Laplacian":[97],"turn":[100],"links":[101],"image":[102],"pixel":[103],"observations":[104],"their":[106],"spaces.":[108],"Further":[109],"experimental":[110],"results":[111],"demonstrate":[112],"an":[113],"improvement":[114],"classification":[117],"performance":[118],"compared":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}