{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2767035473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077512","title":"Optical classification of optically complex waters around china","display_name":"Optical classification of optically complex waters around china","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2767035473","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077512","mag":"2767035473"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/whispers.2014.8077512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077512","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 6th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063074934","display_name":"Qian Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6034-0555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110592464","display_name":"Li Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-026X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ni Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111863979","display_name":"Xu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-7251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103786009","display_name":"Gao Lianru","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao Lianru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhang Bing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang Bing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.38313549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9598000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9598000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9293000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9118000268936157,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estuary","display_name":"Estuary","score":0.7223092317581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6635047793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biogeochemical-cycle","display_name":"Biogeochemical cycle","score":0.6308263540267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5980355143547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.49521318078041077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-line","display_name":"Spectral line","score":0.4289957284927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.33866000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.2508615255355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.11976829171180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-chemistry","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","score":0.10407516360282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.10211548209190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09491661190986633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88160329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053","display_name":"Estuary","level":2,"score":0.7223092317581177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6635047793388367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71915725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846303","display_name":"Biogeochemical cycle","level":2,"score":0.6308263540267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5980355143547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.49521318078041077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.4289957284927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.33866000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.2508615255355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.11976829171180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.10407516360282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10211548209190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09491661190986633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/whispers.2014.8077512","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2014.8077512","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 6th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1960472682","https://openalex.org/W1969177710","https://openalex.org/W1993111479","https://openalex.org/W1993711285","https://openalex.org/W2095818816","https://openalex.org/W2119981939","https://openalex.org/W2142341889"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393923041","https://openalex.org/W2009984628","https://openalex.org/W1954662984","https://openalex.org/W4362717831","https://openalex.org/W1539163669","https://openalex.org/W4210837292","https://openalex.org/W276194024","https://openalex.org/W2006662119","https://openalex.org/W2020957924","https://openalex.org/W2188825978"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"optically":[1,60,140,161],"complex":[2,26,38,61,141,162],"waters,":[3],"the":[4,16,46,55,59,108,119,139,146,157],"optical":[5,56,103,123],"classification":[6,51],"was":[7,85,125],"suggested":[8],"to":[9,14,87,117,137],"be":[10],"a":[11,111],"good":[12],"solution":[13],"improve":[15],"retrieval":[17],"of":[18,58,63,94,107,113,115,133,135,148],"biogeochemical":[19],"products,":[20],"and":[21,40,72,145],"more":[22],"appropriate":[23],"for":[24,53,152],"large-scale":[25],"waters":[27,62,120,142],"than":[28],"classical":[29],"regional":[30],"waters.":[31,75,163],"Around":[32],"China":[33,144],"there":[34],"are":[35],"turbid":[36],"lakes,":[37],"rivers":[39],"highly":[41],"contrasted":[42],"coastal":[43],"regions,":[44],"so":[45],"study":[47],"provided":[48],"an":[49,89,130],"applicable":[50],"strategy":[52],"characterizing":[54],"variability":[57],"Chaohu":[64],"Lake,":[65,69,71],"Three":[66],"Gorges,":[67],"Dianchi":[68],"Taihu":[70],"Huanghe":[73],"estuary":[74],"An":[76],"improved":[77],"K-means":[78],"algorithm":[79],"based":[80],"on":[81],"spectral":[82],"angle":[83],"distance":[84],"used":[86],"cluster":[88],"in":[90,160],"situ":[91],"data":[92],"set":[93,112,132],"remote":[95],"sensing":[96],"reflectance":[97],"spectra":[98,116,136],"(447":[99],"stations)":[100],"into":[101,121],"five":[102,122],"classes.":[104],"The":[105],"combination":[106],"characteristic":[109],"wavelengths,":[110],"features":[114,134],"distinguish":[118],"types":[124],"provided.":[126],"This":[127],"work":[128],"provides":[129],"effective":[131],"divide":[138],"around":[143],"potential":[147],"class-specific":[149],"inversion":[150],"methods":[151],"deriving":[153],"bio-optical":[154],"products":[155],"by":[156],"satellite":[158],"images":[159]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}