{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983524602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2011.6080927","title":"A comparison of principal components and endmember-based contextual learning for hyperspectral anomaly classification","display_name":"A comparison of principal components and endmember-based contextual learning for hyperspectral anomaly classification","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983524602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2011.6080927","mag":"1983524602"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/whispers.2011.6080927","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2011.6080927","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 3rd Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065276045","display_name":"Christopher R. Ratto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christopher R. Ratto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063514515","display_name":"Kenneth D. Morton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9352-8669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth D. Morton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004578492","display_name":"Leslie M. Collins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-6531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie M. Collins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109056136","display_name":"Peter A. Torrione","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter A. Torrione","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 129 Hudson Hall, Box 90291, Durham, NC 27708","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065276045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0085,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78541102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4369","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11667","display_name":"Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endmember","display_name":"Endmember","score":0.9816007018089294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8863068222999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.70819091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.704720675945282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6877389550209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5983816385269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5555195212364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.5454552173614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.45933616161346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.4364085793495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4331142008304596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15936899185180664}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58237817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376204","display_name":"Endmember","level":3,"score":0.9816007018089294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8863068222999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.70819091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.704720675945282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6877389550209045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5983816385269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5555195212364197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.5454552173614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45933616161346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.4364085793495178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4331142008304596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15936899185180664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/whispers.2011.6080927","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whispers.2011.6080927","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 3rd Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1987551973","https://openalex.org/W2047870694","https://openalex.org/W2061112676","https://openalex.org/W2103845148","https://openalex.org/W2107966405","https://openalex.org/W2109006918","https://openalex.org/W2122976738","https://openalex.org/W2127498532","https://openalex.org/W2127523161","https://openalex.org/W2130314982","https://openalex.org/W2137710630","https://openalex.org/W2168574380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037328426","https://openalex.org/W1990914742","https://openalex.org/W2891033441","https://openalex.org/W2006559622","https://openalex.org/W2315521504","https://openalex.org/W3106536224","https://openalex.org/W2890371384","https://openalex.org/W2051769241","https://openalex.org/W2563324120","https://openalex.org/W2040756827"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Context-dependent":[0,72],"learning":[1,73],"algorithms":[2],"have":[3,21],"shown":[4],"improved":[5],"performance":[6,78],"for":[7],"anomaly":[8],"classification":[9,77],"in":[10,70,76],"hyperspectral":[11],"imagery":[12],"(HSI)":[13],"collected":[14],"over":[15,79],"varying":[16],"environmental":[17],"conditions.":[18],"Past":[19],"techniques":[20,89],"relied":[22],"on":[23],"statistically-motivated":[24],"decomposition,":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"principal":[28],"components":[29],"analysis":[30],"(PCA),":[31],"to":[32,48,65],"extract":[33,49],"contextual":[34,50,61],"information":[35],"from":[36],"the":[37,83],"background":[38],"data.":[39],"Alternatively,":[40],"physics-based":[41],"endmember":[42],"approaches":[43],"could":[44],"also":[45],"be":[46],"used":[47],"features.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53],"work,":[54],"context-dependent":[55],"classifiers":[56],"using":[57],"both":[58],"types":[59],"of":[60],"features":[62],"were":[63],"applied":[64],"a":[66],"landmine":[67],"detection":[68],"problem":[69],"HSI.":[71],"showed":[74],"improvements":[75],"conventional":[80],"learning,":[81],"and":[82,85],"endmember-based":[84],"PCA-based":[86],"context":[87],"modeling":[88],"yielded":[90],"similar":[91],"overall":[92],"model":[93],"behavior":[94],"which":[95],"is":[96],"investigated.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
