{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1585262812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whc.2015.7177756","title":"Dimensionality of thermal icons","display_name":"Dimensionality of thermal icons","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1585262812","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whc.2015.7177756","mag":"1585262812"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/whc.2015.7177756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whc.2015.7177756","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE World Haptics Conference (WHC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109434713","display_name":"Anshul Singhal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anshul Singhal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, 02139, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, 02139, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055325742","display_name":"Lynette A. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1361-8654"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynette A. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, 02139, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, 02139, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3321,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78863301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"469","last_page":"474"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12032","display_name":"Multisensory perception and integration","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thenar-eminence","display_name":"Thenar eminence","score":0.666233241558075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6024869680404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","score":0.5731110572814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.5600515007972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-system","display_name":"Sensory system","score":0.5567399263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4813185930252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus-modality","display_name":"Stimulus modality","score":0.45385345816612244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thumb","display_name":"Thumb","score":0.44544661045074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4412892460823059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40309226512908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34705114364624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3400565981864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.20925089716911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.20858794450759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11369752883911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.10542163252830505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781095625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q530315","display_name":"Thenar eminence","level":2,"score":0.666233241558075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6024869680404663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5731110572814941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.5600515007972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94487597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11101","display_name":"Sensory system","level":2,"score":0.5567399263381958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4813185930252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26486553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371870","display_name":"Stimulus modality","level":3,"score":0.45385345816612244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776881184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83360","display_name":"Thumb","level":2,"score":0.44544661045074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4412892460823059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40309226512908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34705114364624023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3400565981864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.20925089716911316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.20858794450759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11369752883911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.10542163252830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/whc.2015.7177756","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/whc.2015.7177756","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE World Haptics Conference (WHC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46262232","https://openalex.org/W57224771","https://openalex.org/W67045282","https://openalex.org/W1884892451","https://openalex.org/W1973131966","https://openalex.org/W1974438163","https://openalex.org/W1978703524","https://openalex.org/W1982682094","https://openalex.org/W1984856393","https://openalex.org/W1993576324","https://openalex.org/W2009741276","https://openalex.org/W2045783685","https://openalex.org/W2050281532","https://openalex.org/W2057731241","https://openalex.org/W2072434538","https://openalex.org/W2077048329","https://openalex.org/W2077094904","https://openalex.org/W2084206688","https://openalex.org/W2089176776","https://openalex.org/W2093712458","https://openalex.org/W2099948028","https://openalex.org/W2102087234","https://openalex.org/W2116285432","https://openalex.org/W2135404517","https://openalex.org/W2143111450","https://openalex.org/W2146512768","https://openalex.org/W2147557019","https://openalex.org/W2148633820","https://openalex.org/W2160541069","https://openalex.org/W2161482343","https://openalex.org/W2162797784","https://openalex.org/W2177640903","https://openalex.org/W2243622568","https://openalex.org/W2259691514","https://openalex.org/W2905542768","https://openalex.org/W4246211341","https://openalex.org/W6601835731","https://openalex.org/W6681595744"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988829829","https://openalex.org/W103354863","https://openalex.org/W1976623005","https://openalex.org/W4236091956","https://openalex.org/W2811161200","https://openalex.org/W2904737051","https://openalex.org/W2757205860","https://openalex.org/W2390880987","https://openalex.org/W4254947852","https://openalex.org/W2377009997"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,104,134],"thermal":[1,40,102,127,157,179],"sensory":[2,29],"modality":[3],"provides":[4],"a":[5,14,54,96,147,168,193],"novel":[6],"dimension":[7],"to":[8,11,24,38,63,89,115,132,141],"present":[9,35],"information":[10,164,174],"users":[12],"of":[13,16,27,33,50,56,69,122,150,167,177,192],"variety":[15],"hand-held":[17],"devices":[18],"provided":[19],"the":[20,25,28,34,44,48,51,64,101,126,173,178,190],"inputs":[21],"are":[22],"tailored":[23],"properties":[26],"system.":[30],"objective":[32],"experiment":[36],"was":[37,76,82,93],"measure":[39],"pattern":[41],"identification":[42,74],"on":[43],"thenar":[45],"eminence":[46],"at":[47,189],"base":[49],"thumb":[52],"using":[53,95],"set":[55],"six":[57],"stimuli":[58,111],"that":[59,99,125,156,172],"varied":[60],"with":[61,118,146,185],"respect":[62],"direction,":[65],"magnitude":[66],"and":[67,86,171],"rate":[68],"temperature":[70],"change.":[71],"An":[72],"absolute":[73],"paradigm":[75],"used":[77],"in":[78],"which":[79,91],"each":[80],"stimulus":[81,92],"presented":[83,94],"eight":[84],"times":[85],"participants":[87,145],"had":[88],"identify":[90],"visual":[97],"template":[98],"depicted":[100],"icon.":[103],"individual":[105],"mean":[106,121,149],"scores":[107],"averaged":[108],"across":[109,144],"all":[110],"ranged":[112,138],"from":[113,139],"80%":[114],"98%":[116],"correct":[117],"an":[119],"overall":[120],"91%,":[123],"indicating":[124],"icons":[128,158],"were":[129],"relatively":[130],"easy":[131],"identify.":[133],"Information":[135],"Transfer":[136],"values":[137],"1.76":[140],"2.49":[142],"bits":[143],"group":[148],"2.26":[151],"bits.":[152],"These":[153],"findings":[154],"indicate":[155],"offer":[159],"considerable":[160],"potential":[161],"for":[162],"presenting":[163],"as":[165],"part":[166],"haptic":[169],"interface,":[170],"transfer":[175],"capabilities":[176],"sense":[180],"may":[181],"rival":[182],"those":[183],"achieved":[184],"vibrotactile":[186],"inputs,":[187],"although":[188],"cost":[191],"prolonged":[194],"presentation":[195],"time.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}