{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093762739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot48130.2020.9221049","title":"Ranging Capabilities of LoRa 2.4 GHz","display_name":"Ranging Capabilities of LoRa 2.4 GHz","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093762739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot48130.2020.9221049","mag":"3093762739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wf-iot48130.2020.9221049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot48130.2020.9221049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 6th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044806920","display_name":"Frederik Rander Andersen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frederik Rander Andersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035539924","display_name":"Kalpit Dilip Ballal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6116-9278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalpit Dilip Ballal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010619687","display_name":"Martin Nordal Petersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4712-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Nordal Petersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071490991","display_name":"Sarah Ruepp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0205-5067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Ruepp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044806920"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5226,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95213613,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.9792253971099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.8219459652900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6079357266426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5800389051437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5439288020133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-measurement","display_name":"Distance measurement","score":0.5073725581169128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversion-factor","display_name":"Conversion factor","score":0.4386088252067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23728704452514648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.17718693614006042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.14640003442764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12820565700531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10128435492515564}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.9792253971099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.8219459652900696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6079357266426086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5800389051437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5439288020133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986158284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Distance measurement","level":2,"score":0.5073725581169128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111726211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618655","display_name":"Conversion factor","level":2,"score":0.4386088252067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23728704452514648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.17718693614006042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.14640003442764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12820565700531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10128435492515564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wf-iot48130.2020.9221049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot48130.2020.9221049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 6th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143864104"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390582858","https://openalex.org/W4328027586","https://openalex.org/W2160820560","https://openalex.org/W2900908366","https://openalex.org/W1998588368","https://openalex.org/W2372183706","https://openalex.org/W2386608811","https://openalex.org/W3135124435","https://openalex.org/W2368870878","https://openalex.org/W3093762739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ranging":[0],"is":[1,177],"the":[2,13,18,25,29,34,49,86,95,116,124,136,146,153,165,182,190,217],"act":[3],"of":[4,21,51,63,115,220],"measuring":[5],"distance":[6,143],"between":[7,171],"two":[8],"points.":[9],"In":[10],"this":[11],"project,":[12],"aim":[14,114],"was":[15,37,47,92,121,133,161,169,198],"to":[16,122,180,209,216],"determine":[17,123],"ranging":[19,52,107,128],"capabilities":[20],"LoRa":[22,201],"2.4GHz":[23],"and":[24,100,118,173],"optimal":[26,125,154],"settings":[27,87,126,155],"for":[28,79,127],"SX1280":[30,183,202],"transceiver,":[31],"depending":[32],"on":[33],"distance.":[35,159],"This":[36],"done":[38],"by":[39,89],"carrying":[40],"out":[41],"three":[42],"experiments.":[43,81,196],"The":[44,56,82,113],"first":[45],"experiment":[46,84,120],"testing":[48],"number":[50,62],"requests":[53,64,74],"per":[54,75],"packet.":[55],"study":[57],"found":[58,93,134,199],"that":[59,94,135,164,200],"a":[60,141,157,212],"higher":[61],"yielded":[65],"better":[66],"results,":[67],"although":[68],"with":[69,145,189,211],"diminishing":[70],"returns.":[71],"Thus,":[72],"100":[73],"exchange":[76],"were":[77],"used":[78,193],"additional":[80],"second":[83],"tested":[85],"recommended":[88,96,179],"Semtech.":[90],"It":[91,132,160,197],"settings,":[97],"bandwidth":[98,139],"1.6MHz":[99],"spreading":[101,149],"factor":[102],"6,":[103],"could":[104,204],"provide":[105],"good":[106],"measurements":[108],"at":[109,129,140,156,185,221],"distances":[110,186,207],"from":[111],"0-400m.":[112],"third":[117],"final":[119],"different":[130],"distances.":[131],"highest":[137],"reliable":[138,148,167],"given":[142,158],"combined":[144],"lowest,":[147],"factor,":[150],"would":[151],"be":[152],"also":[162],"discovered":[163],"longest":[166],"range":[168],"somewhere":[170],"1700m":[172],"2500m.":[174],"Therefore":[175],"it":[176],"not":[178],"use":[181],"transceivers":[184,203],"above":[187],"1.7km":[188,210],"transceiver":[191],"configuration":[192],"in":[194,214],"these":[195],"accurately":[205],"measure":[206],"up":[208],"difference":[213],"accuracy":[215],"ground":[218],"truth":[219],"most":[222],"0.6%.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}