{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991807971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot.2014.6803131","title":"Indoor positioning: A key enabling technology for IoT applications","display_name":"Indoor positioning: A key enabling technology for IoT applications","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991807971","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot.2014.6803131","mag":"1991807971"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wf-iot.2014.6803131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot.2014.6803131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062896385","display_name":"Davide Macagnano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Macagnano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047769213","display_name":"Giuseppe Destino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7463-0115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Destino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042210188","display_name":"Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-8174"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193619901","display_name":"Constructor University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yrs2n53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Abreu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering & Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering & Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193619901"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"117","last_page":"118"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8066819310188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7412514686584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.7032756805419922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.52291339635849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-objects","display_name":"Smart objects","score":0.5100434422492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.46105682849884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4383885860443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4308962821960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.34135860204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.29120659828186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2566223740577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16648924350738525}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8066819310188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7412514686584473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.7032756805419922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.52291339635849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294986","display_name":"Smart objects","level":3,"score":0.5100434422492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.46105682849884033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4383885860443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4308962821960449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34135860204696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29120659828186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2566223740577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16648924350738525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wf-iot.2014.6803131","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wf-iot.2014.6803131","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W170522260","https://openalex.org/W1531532259","https://openalex.org/W1542648184","https://openalex.org/W1586437243","https://openalex.org/W1985499982","https://openalex.org/W2012197287","https://openalex.org/W2027098924","https://openalex.org/W2074483417","https://openalex.org/W2075744751","https://openalex.org/W2100989187","https://openalex.org/W2108482152","https://openalex.org/W2108963073","https://openalex.org/W2121355928","https://openalex.org/W2122335675","https://openalex.org/W2136333295","https://openalex.org/W2137009703","https://openalex.org/W2145958668","https://openalex.org/W2148680228","https://openalex.org/W2236501872","https://openalex.org/W2292367606","https://openalex.org/W2359440207","https://openalex.org/W2759373552","https://openalex.org/W2951443864","https://openalex.org/W2963250202","https://openalex.org/W4232464081","https://openalex.org/W4244323842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W2950174689","https://openalex.org/W4200598720","https://openalex.org/W2921026492","https://openalex.org/W4361251261","https://openalex.org/W3031181660","https://openalex.org/W2558872422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Motivated":[0],"by":[1],"the":[2,11,67,73,81,120,127,137,142,147,155,161,166],"recent":[3],"advances":[4],"on":[5,17,91,124],"internet":[6],"of":[7,53,69,87,100,136],"things":[8],"(IoT)":[9],"and":[10,27,84,93,96],"importance":[12],"that":[13,30],"location":[14,101,132],"information":[15,102,133],"has":[16],"many":[18],"application":[19],"scenarios,":[20],"this":[21,40,108,150],"article":[22,151],"offers":[23],"references":[24,153],"to":[25,44,146,154],"theoretical":[26,148],"localization-algorithmic":[28],"tools":[29],"can":[31],"be":[32],"utilised":[33],"in":[34,103,119,141],"connection":[35],"with":[36],"IoT.":[37,143],"We":[38,71],"develop":[39],"discussion":[41],"from":[42,76],"basic":[43],"sophisticated":[45],"localization":[46,74,88,157],"techniques":[47],"covering":[48],"also":[49],"some":[50],"less-intuitive":[51],"notions":[52],"localization,":[54],"e.g.":[55],"semantic":[56],"positioning,":[57],"for":[58],"which":[59,65],"we":[60,97,110],"provide":[61],"a":[62,77,104],"novel":[63],"solution":[64],"overcome":[66],"problem":[68,75],"privacy.":[70],"analyze":[72],"mathematical":[78],"perspective;":[79],"reviewing":[80],"most":[82],"common":[83],"best-performing":[85],"class":[86],"methods":[89],"based":[90],"optimization":[92],"algebraic":[94],"approaches":[95],"discuss":[98,111],"benefits":[99],"wireless":[105],"system.":[106],"In":[107,144],"regard":[109],"few":[112],"concrete":[113],"applications":[114],"scenario":[115],"currently":[116],"under":[117],"investigation":[118],"largest":[121],"EU":[122],"project":[123],"IoT,":[125],"namely":[126],"FP-7":[128],"Butler":[129,167],"project,":[130],"how":[131],"is":[134],"one":[135],"key":[138],"enabling":[139],"technology":[140],"addition":[145],"aspect,":[149],"provides":[152],"pervasive":[156],"system":[158],"architecture":[159],"using":[160],"smart":[162],"sensors":[163],"developed":[164],"within":[165],"project.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}