{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321636712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp55476.2022.10039454","title":"Hybrid Beamforming Design with Finite Resolution Phase Shifters in Multi-User Systems","display_name":"Hybrid Beamforming Design with Finite Resolution Phase Shifters in Multi-User Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321636712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp55476.2022.10039454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp55476.2022.10039454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp55476.2022.10039454","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 14th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054616886","display_name":"Liyuan Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-7486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyuan Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University","Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese-Academy of Sciences (CAS)","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese-Academy of Sciences (CAS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062233874","display_name":"Qian Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0816-6166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese-Academy of Sciences (CAS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese-Academy of Sciences (CAS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408572","display_name":"Xiliang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6075-7089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiliang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023266083","display_name":"Kai Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-7058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese-Academy of Sciences (CAS)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese-Academy of Sciences (CAS)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3693,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58882295,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1007","last_page":"1011"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8691250681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7211160659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6025225520133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.570585310459137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wsdma","display_name":"WSDMA","score":0.5070571899414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.4985063076019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.47006091475486755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.46944400668144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.4010656774044037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.2676902115345001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20156124234199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.178907573223114}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8691250681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7211160659790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6025225520133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.570585310459137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57466844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7955559","display_name":"WSDMA","level":5,"score":0.5070571899414062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.4985063076019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.47006091475486755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.46944400668144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.4010656774044037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.2676902115345001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20156124234199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.178907573223114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp55476.2022.10039454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp55476.2022.10039454","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 14th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1619256854","display_name":"\u8f66\u8054\u7f51\u4e91\u96fe\u8ba1\u7b97\u534f\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971286","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041287972","https://openalex.org/W2109005286","https://openalex.org/W2128513990","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2587991392","https://openalex.org/W2694007418","https://openalex.org/W2805657678","https://openalex.org/W2886574585","https://openalex.org/W2890751303","https://openalex.org/W2899397638","https://openalex.org/W2945851184","https://openalex.org/W2994483724","https://openalex.org/W3107840116","https://openalex.org/W3176104720","https://openalex.org/W4254315244","https://openalex.org/W6782767316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2780252087","https://openalex.org/W2890273742","https://openalex.org/W2121063273","https://openalex.org/W2337309234","https://openalex.org/W2130902301","https://openalex.org/W4390447722","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W2092456355","https://openalex.org/W1981344466","https://openalex.org/W2724724053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"beamforming":[1,19,32,55,111],"is":[2,37,76],"a":[3],"key":[4],"technology":[5],"in":[6,61,112],"the":[7,34,45,53,68,92,103,119],"next":[8],"generation":[9],"wireless":[10],"communication.":[11],"It":[12,128],"achieves":[13,129],"similar":[14],"performance":[15,131],"as":[16,41],"full":[17],"digital":[18,104],"with":[20,29,56,132],"much":[21],"reduced":[22],"power":[23],"consumption":[24],"and":[25,83,105],"hardware":[26,46],"complexity.":[27],"Compared":[28],"fully-connected":[30],"hybrid":[31],"architecture,":[33],"partially-connected":[35,54,81],"architecture":[36,82],"of":[38,70,73],"particular":[39],"interest":[40],"it":[42],"further":[43],"simplifies":[44],"design.":[47],"In":[48,78],"this":[49,79],"work":[50],"we":[51],"study":[52],"finite":[57,84],"resolution":[58,85,134],"phase":[59,86,135],"shifters":[60,87],"downlink":[62],"massive":[63],"MIMO":[64],"systems.":[65],"Fairness":[66],"or":[67],"quality":[69],"service":[71],"(QoS)":[72],"each":[74],"user":[75],"considered.":[77],"prob-lem,":[80],"put":[88],"additional":[89],"constraints":[90],"to":[91,100],"system.":[93],"We":[94],"propose":[95],"an":[96],"efficient":[97],"penalty-based":[98],"algorithm":[99,121],"jointly":[101],"optimize":[102],"analog":[106,110],"beamforming,":[107],"which":[108],"yields":[109],"discrete":[113],"values.":[114],"Numerical":[115],"results":[116],"show":[117],"that":[118],"proposed":[120],"performs":[122],"better":[123],"than":[124],"other":[125],"benchmark":[126],"algorithms.":[127],"satisfactory":[130],"low":[133],"shifters.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}