{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200446402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613300","title":"Covert Communication Using Interference with Truncated Normal Distribution in Power","display_name":"Covert Communication Using Interference with Truncated Normal Distribution in Power","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200446402","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613300"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607893","display_name":"2021 13th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 13th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007541732","display_name":"Liyu Zhi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liyu Zhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033822104","display_name":"Gui Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gui Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108050354","display_name":"Jiawei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6005-8373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040864156","display_name":"Bohan Che","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7165-7697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bohan Che","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing,China,210007","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007541732"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19282157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9751999974250793,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.7303788661956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6866867542266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.6531765460968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.6149280071258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5469257831573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5342596769332886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.4668923616409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4462849497795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.4385266602039337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.37548214197158813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3666517734527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1703188717365265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15351220965385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1497308611869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11948144435882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09432080388069153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.7303788661956787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6866867542266846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.6531765460968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.6149280071258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5469257831573486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5342596769332886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.4668923616409302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4462849497795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.4385266602039337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.37548214197158813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3666517734527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1703188717365265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15351220965385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1497308611869812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11948144435882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09432080388069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp52459.2021.9613300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607893","display_name":"2021 13th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 13th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9200000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1897081267","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2594393372","https://openalex.org/W2896420513","https://openalex.org/W2950582173","https://openalex.org/W2963450321","https://openalex.org/W3004834585","https://openalex.org/W3028777793","https://openalex.org/W3036653964","https://openalex.org/W3092601664","https://openalex.org/W3104101844","https://openalex.org/W3109195787","https://openalex.org/W3133015265","https://openalex.org/W3189160029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116044594","https://openalex.org/W2101999641","https://openalex.org/W1503152075","https://openalex.org/W301676527","https://openalex.org/W2052600062","https://openalex.org/W2124541664","https://openalex.org/W289296924","https://openalex.org/W2122920812","https://openalex.org/W2942696422","https://openalex.org/W2076148615"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Covert":[0],"communication":[1,5],"can":[2],"prevent":[3],"the":[4,8,16,27,46,51,59,69,75,88,110,113,137,143,146,154,165,173],"behavior":[6],"of":[7,78,92,142,157,169],"transmitter":[9,114],"(i.e.,":[10,18],"Alice)":[11],"from":[12],"being":[13],"discovered":[14],"by":[15,26,133,163],"monitor":[17],"Willie)":[19],"via":[20],"adding":[21],"active":[22],"interference":[23,32,52,60,83,148,171,175],"signals":[24,33],"provided":[25],"jammer.":[28],"In":[29,54],"particular,":[30],"such":[31],"are":[34,115],"usually":[35],"continuous":[36],"uniform":[37],"distribution":[38,64],"in":[39,65,117],"power,":[40,118],"which":[41],"make":[42],"it":[43],"difficult":[44],"for":[45,139],"jammer":[47,111,144,158],"to":[48,67,73],"adaptively":[49],"adjust":[50],"signals.":[53],"this":[55,79,170],"paper,":[56],"we":[57,86,119,135],"exploit":[58],"with":[61],"truncated":[62],"normal":[63],"power":[66,176],"achieve":[68],"covert":[70],"communications.":[71],"Firstly,":[72],"measure":[74],"concealment":[76],"effect":[77],"system":[80],"using":[81,145],"new":[82,147],"style":[84],"quantitatively,":[85],"derive":[87],"optimal":[89],"detection":[90,99],"threshold":[91],"Willie's":[93],"radiometer":[94],"and":[95,112,167],"its":[96],"expected":[97],"minimum":[98],"error":[100],"rate":[101],"over":[102],"Rayleigh":[103],"fading":[104],"channels.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"considering":[107],"that":[108,153],"both":[109],"limited":[116],"should":[120],"also":[121],"reduce":[122],"energy":[123,140,155],"consumption":[124],"as":[125,127,172],"much":[126],"possible":[128],"while":[129],"ensuring":[130],"concealment.":[131],"Inspired":[132],"this,":[134],"obtain":[136],"closed-form":[138],"efficiency":[141,156],"style.":[149],"The":[150],"result":[151],"shows":[152],"could":[159],"be":[160],"effectively":[161],"improved":[162],"changing":[164],"mean":[166],"variance":[168],"maximum":[174],"increases.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
