{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3116156205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp49889.2020.9299825","title":"Cooperative Fingerprint Positioning for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems","display_name":"Cooperative Fingerprint Positioning for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3116156205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp49889.2020.9299825","mag":"3116156205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp49889.2020.9299825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp49889.2020.9299825","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052658498","display_name":"Jiahua Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-1755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahua Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101874430","display_name":"Kui Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8533-2255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kui Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049573949","display_name":"Zhexian Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4372-6971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhexian Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8325,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73767355,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"382","last_page":"387"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.8430833220481873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7248643636703491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6727771759033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.6098561882972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5611154437065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.4917786419391632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4848552942276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.47512298822402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.43999406695365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-fourier-transform","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","score":0.4295163154602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.38819780945777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3822905421257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3789029121398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.2905869483947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2567490339279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","score":0.1599118709564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1551993489265442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-analysis","display_name":"Fourier analysis","score":0.082334965467453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0799398124217987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.07793229818344116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.8430833220481873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7248643636703491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6727771759033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.6098561882972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5611154437065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.4917786419391632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4848552942276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.47512298822402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.43999406695365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57733114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006032","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","level":5,"score":0.4295163154602051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.38819780945777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3822905421257019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3789029121398926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.2905869483947754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2567490339279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.1599118709564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1551993489265442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.082334965467453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0799398124217987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.07793229818344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp49889.2020.9299825","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp49889.2020.9299825","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1783251365","https://openalex.org/W2066093205","https://openalex.org/W2110176871","https://openalex.org/W2159444579","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2469797310","https://openalex.org/W2490222774","https://openalex.org/W2538535315","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2773254562","https://openalex.org/W2792367815","https://openalex.org/W2809356669","https://openalex.org/W2865103122","https://openalex.org/W2962043351","https://openalex.org/W2962927793","https://openalex.org/W2964042011","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2998593510","https://openalex.org/W3006154135","https://openalex.org/W3011607985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014822659","https://openalex.org/W4362496757","https://openalex.org/W2566091814","https://openalex.org/W4389371618","https://openalex.org/W2051501574","https://openalex.org/W2117826006","https://openalex.org/W2114937328","https://openalex.org/W2148654711","https://openalex.org/W2608025327","https://openalex.org/W1621827506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cell-free":[0],"massive":[1,26],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(MIMO)":[4],"is":[5,70],"an":[6],"emerging":[7],"technology":[8,129],"for":[9,24],"next-generation":[10],"wireless":[11],"communication.":[12],"In":[13],"this":[14],"paper,":[15],"we":[16,39,86,113],"propose":[17],"a":[18],"new":[19],"cooperative":[20,126],"fingerprint":[21,50,90,100,104,127],"positioning":[22,128,137],"method":[23],"cell-free":[25],"MIMO":[27],"systems.":[28],"By":[29],"performing":[30],"discrete":[31],"Fourier":[32],"transform":[33],"(DFT)":[34],"on":[35,131],"the":[36,41,55,66,74,79,82,88,97,107,115,119,125,132],"channel":[37,43],"matrix,":[38],"obtain":[40],"angle-domain":[42],"power":[44],"matrix":[45],"and":[46,61,106],"extract":[47],"it":[48],"as":[49],"information.":[51],"Then":[52],"according":[53],"to":[54,72],"relationship":[56],"of":[57,81,92,99,118],"angles":[58],"between":[59,76],"users":[60],"different":[62],"access":[63],"points":[64],"(APs),":[65],"angle":[67,133],"similarity":[68,75,134],"coefficient":[69],"proposed":[71],"judge":[73],"fingerprints.":[77],"Through":[78],"application":[80],"spectral":[83],"clustering":[84],"algorithm,":[85,112],"cluster":[87],"extracted":[89],"information":[91],"reference":[93],"points,":[94],"which":[95],"improves":[96],"efficiency":[98],"matching.":[101],"Finally,":[102],"using":[103],"matching":[105],"weighted":[108],"K-nearest":[109],"neighbor":[110],"(WKNN)":[111],"get":[114],"estimated":[116],"location":[117],"user.":[120],"The":[121],"results":[122],"show":[123],"that":[124],"based":[130],"has":[135],"good":[136],"performance.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}