{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2557894480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752457","title":"Hierarchical beam selection in mmWave multiuser MIMO systems with one-bit analog phase shifters","display_name":"Hierarchical beam selection in mmWave multiuser MIMO systems with one-bit analog phase shifters","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2557894480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752457","mag":"2557894480"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 8th International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010099247","display_name":"Shijian Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8105-7927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shijian Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104076705","display_name":"Yue Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3342-8946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418463","display_name":"Chen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5429-6228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101492539","display_name":"Ye Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8087-6333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010099247"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8288959,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.8699132800102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7127918601036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6744892597198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.6486186981201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.6269741058349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5467220544815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4852309226989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4655822813510895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.4442085027694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23386353254318237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.20702162384986877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19175094366073608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.14383310079574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1098974347114563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.8699132800102234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7127918601036072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6744892597198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.6486186981201172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.6269741058349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5467220544815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4852309226989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4655822813510895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.4442085027694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23386353254318237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20702162384986877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19175094366073608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.14383310079574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1098974347114563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752457","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wcsp.2016.7752457","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 8th International Conference on Wireless Communications & Signal Processing (WCSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1956027752","https://openalex.org/W2005236250","https://openalex.org/W2027711878","https://openalex.org/W2041287972","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2064623260","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2111953900","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2125790209","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W3099908750"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949857014","https://openalex.org/W2105889138","https://openalex.org/W2140827201","https://openalex.org/W4293094794","https://openalex.org/W2113281478","https://openalex.org/W2955711912","https://openalex.org/W2393140440","https://openalex.org/W1548596505","https://openalex.org/W83009968","https://openalex.org/W2158216881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"digital/analog":[1],"precoding":[2,125],"has":[3],"been":[4],"widely":[5],"utilized":[6],"in":[7,48,56,126,139,185],"millimeter-wave":[8],"(mmWave)":[9],"multiple-input":[10],"multiple-output":[11],"(MIMO)":[12],"systems.":[13],"Compared":[14],"to":[15,23,91,112,135,163],"the":[16,25,30,36,54,65,71,80,114,136,149,153,158,164,176],"digital":[17],"precoder,":[18],"it":[19,51],"is":[20,101,110,129,133,160],"more":[21,46],"challenging":[22],"design":[24],"analog":[26,40,93],"precoder":[27],"because":[28],"of":[29,120],"constant":[31],"amplitude":[32],"(CA)":[33],"constraints":[34],"on":[35],"entries.":[37],"Although":[38],"high-resolution":[39],"phase":[41,49],"shifters":[42],"(APSs)":[43],"can":[44,180],"provide":[45],"choices":[47],"adjustment,":[50],"also":[52,130],"adds":[53],"difficulty":[55],"designing":[57],"effective":[58],"codebooks":[59],"for":[60,98],"beam":[61,107],"selection.":[62],"In":[63],"addition,":[64],"finer":[66],"APSs":[67,90],"are":[68],"accompanied":[69],"by":[70,79],"higher":[72],"hardware":[73,82,173],"cost":[74,83],"and":[75,84,152,172],"power":[76,85],"consumption.":[77],"Driven":[78],"low":[81],"consumption,":[86],"we":[87],"employ":[88],"one-bit":[89],"perform":[92],"precoding.":[94],"A":[95],"simple":[96],"codebook":[97],"hierarchical":[99,106],"searching":[100],"designed.":[102],"Then":[103],"a":[104,145],"low-complexity":[105],"selection":[108],"algorithm":[109],"devised":[111],"reduce":[113],"training":[115,170],"overhead.":[116],"An":[117],"approximate":[118],"expression":[119],"spectral":[121],"efficiency":[122],"after":[123],"hybrid":[124],"one-bit-APS":[127,178],"system":[128,179],"derived,":[131],"which":[132],"close":[134],"simulation":[137,154],"results":[138,155],"medium":[140],"signal-to-noise":[141],"ratio":[142],"(SNR).":[143],"Despite":[144],"performance":[146,159],"degradation,":[147],"both":[148],"theoretical":[150],"analysis":[151],"show":[156],"that":[157],"still":[161],"comparable":[162],"existing":[165],"alternatives":[166],"with":[167],"much":[168],"lower":[169],"overhead":[171],"cost.":[174],"Therefore,":[175],"proposed":[177],"be":[181],"an":[182],"acceptable":[183],"tradeoff":[184],"practical":[186],"implementation.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}